UCI Bio 93 - Midterm 1 Set Exam Questions With
100% Verified Solutions
covalent bonds - ANSWER how do functional groups join to the
carbon skeleton?
hydroxyl - ANSWER -alcohols
-
polar
-dissolves organic compounds (like sugars)
carbonyl - ANSWER -ketones (within skeleton)
-aldehydes (at the end of skeleton)
carboxyl - ANSWER -is acidic
-weak acid
-
hydroxyl+carbonyl
amino - ANSWER -base
-
animes
-can pick up H from surrounding solutions
amino and carboxyl - ANSWER what functional groups make up
an amino acid?
sulfhydryl - ANSWER -thiols -cross-
linking of cysteines
-stabilizes protein structure
, phosphate - ANSWER -backbone for phospholipids
-negative charge
-
hydrophilic
methyl - ANSWER -expression of genes
-sex hormones (shape and function)
carbohydrates, nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins - ANSWER
what are the 4 types of macromolecules?
carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acids - ANSWER which
macromolecules are made of polymers?
lipids - ANSWER -diverse group of hydrophobic macromolecules
-built from two or more DIFFERENT small subunits
dehydration reaction - ANSWER removal of water molecules to
form a polymer (makes a bond)
hydrolysis - ANSWER addition of water to polymers to break
bonds
carbohydrates - ANSWER sugars and their polymers
monosaccharide - ANSWER single monomer, form rings in
aqueous solutions
disaccharide - ANSWER 2 monosaccharides joined
by glycosidic linkage (covalent bond)
polysaccharides - ANSWER polymers of 100s and 1000s of
monosaccharides
(connected by glycosidic linkage)
, starch and glycogen - ANSWER what forms of energy storage
are in plants and animals?
fats, phospholipids, and steroids - ANSWER what are the 3
types of lipids?
ester linkages - ANSWER what types of bonds are in fats and
phospholipids?
saturated and unsaturated - ANSWER what forms do fats come
in?
saturated fats - ANSWER -No C=C double bonds
-more dense
unsaturated fats - ANSWER -C=C double bonds
carbohydrates - ANSWER fuels cellular respiration
polyunsaturated fat - ANSWER more than one unsaturated
carbon bond
polyunsaturated fat - ANSWER fat that reduces cholesterol in
blood and lower the risk of heart problems
9 - ANSWER how many calories is in 1 gram of fat? (all fats)
phospholipids - ANSWER glycerol+ two fatty acids+
phosphate group+ choline -hydrophilic head
-hydrophobic tail
steroids - ANSWER carbon skeleton with 4 rings and varying
100% Verified Solutions
covalent bonds - ANSWER how do functional groups join to the
carbon skeleton?
hydroxyl - ANSWER -alcohols
-
polar
-dissolves organic compounds (like sugars)
carbonyl - ANSWER -ketones (within skeleton)
-aldehydes (at the end of skeleton)
carboxyl - ANSWER -is acidic
-weak acid
-
hydroxyl+carbonyl
amino - ANSWER -base
-
animes
-can pick up H from surrounding solutions
amino and carboxyl - ANSWER what functional groups make up
an amino acid?
sulfhydryl - ANSWER -thiols -cross-
linking of cysteines
-stabilizes protein structure
, phosphate - ANSWER -backbone for phospholipids
-negative charge
-
hydrophilic
methyl - ANSWER -expression of genes
-sex hormones (shape and function)
carbohydrates, nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins - ANSWER
what are the 4 types of macromolecules?
carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acids - ANSWER which
macromolecules are made of polymers?
lipids - ANSWER -diverse group of hydrophobic macromolecules
-built from two or more DIFFERENT small subunits
dehydration reaction - ANSWER removal of water molecules to
form a polymer (makes a bond)
hydrolysis - ANSWER addition of water to polymers to break
bonds
carbohydrates - ANSWER sugars and their polymers
monosaccharide - ANSWER single monomer, form rings in
aqueous solutions
disaccharide - ANSWER 2 monosaccharides joined
by glycosidic linkage (covalent bond)
polysaccharides - ANSWER polymers of 100s and 1000s of
monosaccharides
(connected by glycosidic linkage)
, starch and glycogen - ANSWER what forms of energy storage
are in plants and animals?
fats, phospholipids, and steroids - ANSWER what are the 3
types of lipids?
ester linkages - ANSWER what types of bonds are in fats and
phospholipids?
saturated and unsaturated - ANSWER what forms do fats come
in?
saturated fats - ANSWER -No C=C double bonds
-more dense
unsaturated fats - ANSWER -C=C double bonds
carbohydrates - ANSWER fuels cellular respiration
polyunsaturated fat - ANSWER more than one unsaturated
carbon bond
polyunsaturated fat - ANSWER fat that reduces cholesterol in
blood and lower the risk of heart problems
9 - ANSWER how many calories is in 1 gram of fat? (all fats)
phospholipids - ANSWER glycerol+ two fatty acids+
phosphate group+ choline -hydrophilic head
-hydrophobic tail
steroids - ANSWER carbon skeleton with 4 rings and varying
