PORTAGE LEARNING PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
NURS 231/BIOD 331 MIDTERM EXAM ALL
VERSIONS 2025/2026 NEWEST BANK COMPLETE
400 QUESTIONS WITH WELL DETAILED
VERIFIED ANSWERS (100% CORRECT
ANSWERS) /A+ GRADE ASSURED
Different types of necrosis - ....ANSWER...necrosis refers
to cell death in an organ or tissues that is still part of a
living person.
coagulative necrosis - often from a sudden cutoff of blood
supply
liquefactive necrosis - when some of the cells die but their
catalytic enzymes are not destroyed
caseous necrosis - occurs as part of granulomatous
inflammation.
gangrenous necrosis - when a significant amount of tissue
undergoes necrosis and can be characterized as either dry or
1
,moist. occurs due to blockage of arterial blood supply.
Barrett esophagus is an example of dysplasia true or false -
....ANSWER...false, its metaplasia
What is the term that describes a transport protein to help
lipid soluble or large molecules pass through the
membrane that otherwise would not be able to get
through? - ....ANSWER...facilitated diffusion
2
,give one function of a membrane potential -
....ANSWER...Generate nerve impulse, muscle
contractions, or cause hormone secretion
What is the term to describe when cells use energy to move
ions against an electrical or chemical gradient? -
....ANSWER...active transport
cervical intraepithelial neoplasia is a type of dysplasia? t
or f - ....ANSWER...true
endometrial hyperplasia is a normal physiologic
occurrence. t of f - ....ANSWER...false
validity - ....ANSWER...how a tool measures what it is
intended to measure
reliability - ....ANSWER...how likely the same result will
occur if repeated
sensitivity - ....ANSWER...The proportion of people
with a disease who test positive.
3
, specificity - ....ANSWER...people without the disease
who are negative on a given test
What is the definition of "pathophysiology"? -
....ANSWER...Pathophysiology is defined as not only
the cellular and organ changes that occur with
disease, but also the effects that these changes have
on total body function.
Name the 5 etiologic factors and give an example if listed.
- ....ANSWER...Etiologic factors are the causes of a
disease.
1. Physical forces: trauma, burns, etc
2. Chemical agents: poisons, alcohol
3. Biological agents: bacteria, viruses
4. Genetic predisposition: inherent genes from both
parents but you don't necessarily develop the
disease but are predispositioned to it
5. Nutritional excess or deficiencies: Iodine deficiency
can lead to hypothyroidism. Nutritional excess in
carbohydrates can lead to irritable bowel syndrome.
What are the 2 types of risk factors? -
4
NURS 231/BIOD 331 MIDTERM EXAM ALL
VERSIONS 2025/2026 NEWEST BANK COMPLETE
400 QUESTIONS WITH WELL DETAILED
VERIFIED ANSWERS (100% CORRECT
ANSWERS) /A+ GRADE ASSURED
Different types of necrosis - ....ANSWER...necrosis refers
to cell death in an organ or tissues that is still part of a
living person.
coagulative necrosis - often from a sudden cutoff of blood
supply
liquefactive necrosis - when some of the cells die but their
catalytic enzymes are not destroyed
caseous necrosis - occurs as part of granulomatous
inflammation.
gangrenous necrosis - when a significant amount of tissue
undergoes necrosis and can be characterized as either dry or
1
,moist. occurs due to blockage of arterial blood supply.
Barrett esophagus is an example of dysplasia true or false -
....ANSWER...false, its metaplasia
What is the term that describes a transport protein to help
lipid soluble or large molecules pass through the
membrane that otherwise would not be able to get
through? - ....ANSWER...facilitated diffusion
2
,give one function of a membrane potential -
....ANSWER...Generate nerve impulse, muscle
contractions, or cause hormone secretion
What is the term to describe when cells use energy to move
ions against an electrical or chemical gradient? -
....ANSWER...active transport
cervical intraepithelial neoplasia is a type of dysplasia? t
or f - ....ANSWER...true
endometrial hyperplasia is a normal physiologic
occurrence. t of f - ....ANSWER...false
validity - ....ANSWER...how a tool measures what it is
intended to measure
reliability - ....ANSWER...how likely the same result will
occur if repeated
sensitivity - ....ANSWER...The proportion of people
with a disease who test positive.
3
, specificity - ....ANSWER...people without the disease
who are negative on a given test
What is the definition of "pathophysiology"? -
....ANSWER...Pathophysiology is defined as not only
the cellular and organ changes that occur with
disease, but also the effects that these changes have
on total body function.
Name the 5 etiologic factors and give an example if listed.
- ....ANSWER...Etiologic factors are the causes of a
disease.
1. Physical forces: trauma, burns, etc
2. Chemical agents: poisons, alcohol
3. Biological agents: bacteria, viruses
4. Genetic predisposition: inherent genes from both
parents but you don't necessarily develop the
disease but are predispositioned to it
5. Nutritional excess or deficiencies: Iodine deficiency
can lead to hypothyroidism. Nutritional excess in
carbohydrates can lead to irritable bowel syndrome.
What are the 2 types of risk factors? -
4
