BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORT SHEET
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW GUIDE WITH
SCENARIOS AND DETAILED SOLUTIONS FULLY
SOLVED EDITION 2026
◉Explain why the mesentery is necessary in the abdominal cavity.
Answer: Holds intestines in place; carries digested nutrients that are
absorbed in the small intestine. Carries nutrients in the blood and makes
it accessible to the organs.
◉Explain why it's necessary for the diaphragm to form a tight seal
between the thoracic and abdominal cavities. What are the functions of
the diaphragm? Answer: Supports lungs inside thoracic cavity. The
diaphragm allows the thoracic cavity to increase and decrease as the
animal inhales and exhales, allowing to lungs to expand and contract.
It is flexible, which is how it is able to serve its function to expand and
contract.
◉Explain why the umbilical cord must contain both veins and arteries.
Answer: Umbilical cord attaches baby to mother which supplies
nutrients to the fetus through the mother's bloodstream. Baby needs
oxygenated blood going into its body, and deoxygenated blood to go out
of its system.
, ◉Explain why the liver and gallbladder are so close together. Answer:
The liver secrets bile which is stored in the gall bladder. The gallbladder
then releases the bile into the small intestine when food is present. So
they have to be close so the bile can travel from the liver to the gall
bladder, where it can then be stored.
◉What effect does the presence of villi have on the amount of surface
area in the small intestine? Answer: Villi are like small little fingers on
the inside of the small intestine. They increase the surface area by a very
great amount, which help retain and absorb nutrients, minerals and water
from food.
◉Explain how the location and structure of the ribs and sternum help to
protect the heart and lungs. Answer: The ribs and sternum are bony,
hard structures that enclose the heart and lungs which protect the organs
from mechanical injury.
◉Beginning with the esophagus, list the organs that form the digestive
tract of the fetal pig. * Answer: Esophagus, liver, gallbladder, stomach,
pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, rectum
◉Why does all of the blood from the digestive tract go to the liver?
Answer: All the absorbed food goes to the liver, where it is produced and
purifies and stabilizes blood levels.
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW GUIDE WITH
SCENARIOS AND DETAILED SOLUTIONS FULLY
SOLVED EDITION 2026
◉Explain why the mesentery is necessary in the abdominal cavity.
Answer: Holds intestines in place; carries digested nutrients that are
absorbed in the small intestine. Carries nutrients in the blood and makes
it accessible to the organs.
◉Explain why it's necessary for the diaphragm to form a tight seal
between the thoracic and abdominal cavities. What are the functions of
the diaphragm? Answer: Supports lungs inside thoracic cavity. The
diaphragm allows the thoracic cavity to increase and decrease as the
animal inhales and exhales, allowing to lungs to expand and contract.
It is flexible, which is how it is able to serve its function to expand and
contract.
◉Explain why the umbilical cord must contain both veins and arteries.
Answer: Umbilical cord attaches baby to mother which supplies
nutrients to the fetus through the mother's bloodstream. Baby needs
oxygenated blood going into its body, and deoxygenated blood to go out
of its system.
, ◉Explain why the liver and gallbladder are so close together. Answer:
The liver secrets bile which is stored in the gall bladder. The gallbladder
then releases the bile into the small intestine when food is present. So
they have to be close so the bile can travel from the liver to the gall
bladder, where it can then be stored.
◉What effect does the presence of villi have on the amount of surface
area in the small intestine? Answer: Villi are like small little fingers on
the inside of the small intestine. They increase the surface area by a very
great amount, which help retain and absorb nutrients, minerals and water
from food.
◉Explain how the location and structure of the ribs and sternum help to
protect the heart and lungs. Answer: The ribs and sternum are bony,
hard structures that enclose the heart and lungs which protect the organs
from mechanical injury.
◉Beginning with the esophagus, list the organs that form the digestive
tract of the fetal pig. * Answer: Esophagus, liver, gallbladder, stomach,
pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, rectum
◉Why does all of the blood from the digestive tract go to the liver?
Answer: All the absorbed food goes to the liver, where it is produced and
purifies and stabilizes blood levels.
