NR 222 Unit 4 Health and Wellness Study guide {2020} - Chamberlain college of nursing {A+} | NR222 Unit 4 Health and Wellness Study guide {2020} - {A+}

NR 222 Unit 4 Health and Wellness Study guide {2020} - Chamberlain college of nursing {A+} Unit 4 Edelman: Ch2 1. Health disparities and health equality a. Health equity- accomplishment of highest level of health for all people i. Requires valuing everyone equally with focused and ongoing societal efforts to deal with preventable inequalities historical and contemporary injustices, and elimination of health and health care disparities 2. Emerging populations in the US a. Include ethnic minorities (Asian Americans, Blacks, Hispanics, Native Americans, and Arab) and persons who are homeless b. disparities in the health care system may cause increases of social costs attributable to the lost productivity or use of health care services among the ethnic minority populations 3. ethnicity, ethnic group, minority group, and race a. race- dynamic set of historically derived and institutionalized ideas and practices that: sorts people into ethnic groups according to perceived physical and behavioral human characteristics; associates differential value, power, and privilege with these characteristics and establishes a social status ranking among different groups; and emerges (a) when groups are perceived to pose a threat (political, economic, or cultural) to each other’s world view or way of life; a/o (b) to justify denigration and exploitation (past, current, or future) of, and prejudice toward, other groups i. associated with power and indexes history or ongoing imposition of one group’s authority above another b. ethnicity- dynamic set of historically derived and institutionalized ideas and practices that allows people to identify or be identified with groupings of people on basis of presumed (and usually claimed) commonalities including language, history, nation, or region of origin, customs, ways of being, religion, names, physical appearance, a/o genealogy or ancestry; can be source of meaning, action, and identity; and confers a sense of belonging, pride, and motivation i. focuses on differences in meanings, values, and ways of living (practices) ii. evidenced in customs that reflect socialization and cultural patterns of the group c. minority group- consists of people who are living within society in which they are usually disadvantaged in relation to power, control of their own lives, and wealth 4. culture, values, and value orientation a. culture- refers to integrated patterns of human behavior that include language, thoughts, communications, actions, customs, beliefs, values, and institutions of racial, ethnic, religious, or social groups i. element of ethnicity ii. shaped by values, beliefs, norms, and practices that are shared by members of same cultural group b. values- beliefs about worth of something and serve as standards that influence behavior and thinking i. unique, individual expressions of particular culture that have been accepted as appropriate over time ii. guide actions and decision-making that facilitate self-worth and self-esteem iii. shape human behaviors and determine what individuals will do to maintain their health status, how they will care for themselves, and others who become ill, and where and from whom they will seek healthcare c. value orientations- learned and shared through socialization process, - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- disparities in US 14. Nursing response to emerging populations and health a. ANA Code of Ethics states profession’s commitment to provide service to people regardless of background or situation b. ANA’s Council on Cultural Diversity supports work of nurses in development of culturally competent care c. Advanced preparation nurses have committed time and energy to developing approaches and models for transcultural nursing d. Nursing journals focus on cultural diversity (Journal of Cultural Diversity and Journal of Multicultural Nursing and Health) e. Minority Nurse Newsletter provides excellent summaries of research studies, legislative updates, and relevant topics in education and practice f. Organizations provide culturally relevant materials to guide students, clinicians, and educators and support diversity g. Research on cultural practices and beliefs of individuals and families gives professionals sound base for improving practice and designing cost-effective and humanistic healthcare strategies h.