final exam straighterline microbiology
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
In the nitrogen cycle, which of the following steps involves removal of nitrogen from the
atmosphere by bacteria? - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Nitrogen Fixation
If enough H+ ions are added to pure water to raise the H+ concentration of the solution to ten
times higher than the original concentration, what is the resulting OH- concentration of the
solution? - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅10-8 M
Fungi are able to reproduce asexually by creating conidiospores and sporangiospores. Which
of the following is an accurate explanation for why it is advantageous that they are also
capable of sexual reproduction? - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Offspring from two parents
may have variations in form and function that contribute to survival of the species.
In a laboratory bacterial cell culture that has been infected by a virus, plaques are areas in
which... - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅the virus has spread and left behind the remains of
dead cells.
The sun's energy is delivered as discrete packets that travel as waves and are called -
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Photons
What is a characteristic of aerobic respiration? - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The process
includes glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.
In completing protein synthesis in a prokaryote, what basic message is carried by a
specialized codon that has no corresponding tRNA? - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅"Terminate here."
Microbial drug resistance can be caused by mutations or by introduction of new genes into a
population. Which of the following can only be caused by the introduction of new genes into
a population? - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅new enzymes that inactivate the drug are
synthesized
,Why do the hands, feet, and breasts have more lymphatic vessels for host defense than other
areas of the human body? - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅They have a high risk for infection
due to frequent contact.
Penicillin functions as an antimicrobial agent by inhibiting bacterial... - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅cell wall synthesis.
Which class of eukaryotic microorganisms can be subdivided into groups such as
Mastigophora, Sarcodina, Ciliophora, and Apicomplexa? - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅Protozoa
Genetic material can be excised from one chromosome and directly integrated into another
via... - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅transposons
What immune cell secretes numerous cytokines that help to coordinate the response of other
immune cells? - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅TH cell
What enzymes are used to amplify DNA during PCR? - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅DNA
polymerase
Which of the following is a scientific name? - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Streptococcus
pyogenes
Eosin-methylene blue agar, or EMB, is a commonly used bacteriological medium for
growing gram-negative bacteria from complex environments. It contains two dyes, eosin and
methylene blue, as well as the sugar lactose. Eosin is a pH indicator that changes color when
the medium is acidic, while methylene blue inhibits the growth of most gram-positive
bacteria. If an organism consumes lactose, acid will be produced, causing the bacterial
colonies to change color.
Based upon this description, this medium is ______ - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅differential and selective
A diagram of the three domains (Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya) proceeding from the Last
Universal Common Ancestor would show Archaea - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅branching
off the Domain Eukarya.
, In the cell cytoplasm, molecules of ATP are a - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅solute
The _____ of the microscope holds and allows selection of the objective lenses. - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅nosepiece
Characteristics shared by all cells include - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅the presence of
cellular fluid, the possession of genetic information, and a membrane serving as a cell
boundary.
Anything that occupies space and mass is called... - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅matter
Trees of life illustrate the phylogenetic relationships of all organisms were traditionally based
on _____; newer methods for determining phylogeny rely on _____. - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅Morphology; nucleic acid sequences
Covalent bonds - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅result from sharing electrons
One nucleotide contains one - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅phosphate, pentose sugar,
nitrogen base
Among the types of microorganisms, the ___. are noncellullar - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅viruses
Using microbes to detoxify a site contaminated with heavy metals is an example of ____ -
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Bioremediation
C6H12O6+C6H12O6---> C12H22O11+H2O - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅a dehydration
synthesis
Which scientific field is involved in the identification, classification, and naming of
organisms? - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Taxonomy
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
In the nitrogen cycle, which of the following steps involves removal of nitrogen from the
atmosphere by bacteria? - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Nitrogen Fixation
If enough H+ ions are added to pure water to raise the H+ concentration of the solution to ten
times higher than the original concentration, what is the resulting OH- concentration of the
solution? - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅10-8 M
Fungi are able to reproduce asexually by creating conidiospores and sporangiospores. Which
of the following is an accurate explanation for why it is advantageous that they are also
capable of sexual reproduction? - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Offspring from two parents
may have variations in form and function that contribute to survival of the species.
In a laboratory bacterial cell culture that has been infected by a virus, plaques are areas in
which... - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅the virus has spread and left behind the remains of
dead cells.
The sun's energy is delivered as discrete packets that travel as waves and are called -
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Photons
What is a characteristic of aerobic respiration? - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The process
includes glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.
In completing protein synthesis in a prokaryote, what basic message is carried by a
specialized codon that has no corresponding tRNA? - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅"Terminate here."
Microbial drug resistance can be caused by mutations or by introduction of new genes into a
population. Which of the following can only be caused by the introduction of new genes into
a population? - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅new enzymes that inactivate the drug are
synthesized
,Why do the hands, feet, and breasts have more lymphatic vessels for host defense than other
areas of the human body? - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅They have a high risk for infection
due to frequent contact.
Penicillin functions as an antimicrobial agent by inhibiting bacterial... - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅cell wall synthesis.
Which class of eukaryotic microorganisms can be subdivided into groups such as
Mastigophora, Sarcodina, Ciliophora, and Apicomplexa? - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅Protozoa
Genetic material can be excised from one chromosome and directly integrated into another
via... - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅transposons
What immune cell secretes numerous cytokines that help to coordinate the response of other
immune cells? - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅TH cell
What enzymes are used to amplify DNA during PCR? - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅DNA
polymerase
Which of the following is a scientific name? - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Streptococcus
pyogenes
Eosin-methylene blue agar, or EMB, is a commonly used bacteriological medium for
growing gram-negative bacteria from complex environments. It contains two dyes, eosin and
methylene blue, as well as the sugar lactose. Eosin is a pH indicator that changes color when
the medium is acidic, while methylene blue inhibits the growth of most gram-positive
bacteria. If an organism consumes lactose, acid will be produced, causing the bacterial
colonies to change color.
Based upon this description, this medium is ______ - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅differential and selective
A diagram of the three domains (Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya) proceeding from the Last
Universal Common Ancestor would show Archaea - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅branching
off the Domain Eukarya.
, In the cell cytoplasm, molecules of ATP are a - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅solute
The _____ of the microscope holds and allows selection of the objective lenses. - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅nosepiece
Characteristics shared by all cells include - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅the presence of
cellular fluid, the possession of genetic information, and a membrane serving as a cell
boundary.
Anything that occupies space and mass is called... - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅matter
Trees of life illustrate the phylogenetic relationships of all organisms were traditionally based
on _____; newer methods for determining phylogeny rely on _____. - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅Morphology; nucleic acid sequences
Covalent bonds - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅result from sharing electrons
One nucleotide contains one - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅phosphate, pentose sugar,
nitrogen base
Among the types of microorganisms, the ___. are noncellullar - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅viruses
Using microbes to detoxify a site contaminated with heavy metals is an example of ____ -
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Bioremediation
C6H12O6+C6H12O6---> C12H22O11+H2O - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅a dehydration
synthesis
Which scientific field is involved in the identification, classification, and naming of
organisms? - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Taxonomy
