NSCS 200 Exam 4 ACTUAL UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
hypnogram - CORRECT ANSWER graph that shows the stages of sleep
sleep modulation mechanisms - CORRECT ANSWER homeostatic and circadian
homeostatic mechanisms - CORRECT ANSWER drive to sleep; determines how much
and what kind of sleep is needed in the short term; these current needs depend on the individual's
recent history of sleep-wake
circadian mechanisms - CORRECT ANSWER patterns of cycles for roughly one day; sets
the time frame for sleep during each cycle; involves the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the
hypothalamus, which stimulates the pineal gland to secrete melatonin
Suprachiasmatic nucleus - CORRECT ANSWER brain clock - reacts to light
melatonin - CORRECT ANSWER high at night time, the decreases in the morning and
goes back up to tell you to go to sleep
cortisol - CORRECT ANSWER low at night time, high in the day and goes back down at
night - tells you that you're awake
Central brain regions involved in sleep (there's 6) - CORRECT ANSWER (core
mechanisms for arousal) thalamus, amygdala, hypothalamus, hippocampus, pons, reticular
formation
EEG Band Frequencies - CORRECT ANSWER measuring particular stages of sleep
, paradoxical sleep - CORRECT ANSWER sleep that appears to be deep but that is
characterized by a brain wave pattern similar to that of wakefulness, rapid eye movements, and
heavier breathing
sleep spindles - CORRECT ANSWER bursts of activation to help stabilize memory
effects of sleep deprivation - CORRECT ANSWER irritability, cognitive impairment,
memory lapse or loss, impaired moral judgement, severe yawning, hallucinations, symptoms of
ADHD, impaired immune system, risk of Type 2 diabetes, increased heart rate variability, risk of
heart disease, decreased reaction time and accuracy, tremors, aches
synaptic rescaling - CORRECT ANSWER homeostasis in the brain in terms of brain
function
"sharp-wave ripple" - CORRECT ANSWER particular activity in the EEG that is
associated with replays
language - CORRECT ANSWER conversation of internal representations into an external
code and vis versa; set rules and can be displayed in patterns
Hierarchical structure of language - CORRECT ANSWER sentences → phrase → word →
morpheme → phoneme
phonology - CORRECT ANSWER individual sounds; smallest unit of speech
morphology - CORRECT ANSWER structure of suffixes and prefixes, internal grammar
of words, where lexicon exists
syntax - CORRECT ANSWER rules of word order which communicate thought
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
hypnogram - CORRECT ANSWER graph that shows the stages of sleep
sleep modulation mechanisms - CORRECT ANSWER homeostatic and circadian
homeostatic mechanisms - CORRECT ANSWER drive to sleep; determines how much
and what kind of sleep is needed in the short term; these current needs depend on the individual's
recent history of sleep-wake
circadian mechanisms - CORRECT ANSWER patterns of cycles for roughly one day; sets
the time frame for sleep during each cycle; involves the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the
hypothalamus, which stimulates the pineal gland to secrete melatonin
Suprachiasmatic nucleus - CORRECT ANSWER brain clock - reacts to light
melatonin - CORRECT ANSWER high at night time, the decreases in the morning and
goes back up to tell you to go to sleep
cortisol - CORRECT ANSWER low at night time, high in the day and goes back down at
night - tells you that you're awake
Central brain regions involved in sleep (there's 6) - CORRECT ANSWER (core
mechanisms for arousal) thalamus, amygdala, hypothalamus, hippocampus, pons, reticular
formation
EEG Band Frequencies - CORRECT ANSWER measuring particular stages of sleep
, paradoxical sleep - CORRECT ANSWER sleep that appears to be deep but that is
characterized by a brain wave pattern similar to that of wakefulness, rapid eye movements, and
heavier breathing
sleep spindles - CORRECT ANSWER bursts of activation to help stabilize memory
effects of sleep deprivation - CORRECT ANSWER irritability, cognitive impairment,
memory lapse or loss, impaired moral judgement, severe yawning, hallucinations, symptoms of
ADHD, impaired immune system, risk of Type 2 diabetes, increased heart rate variability, risk of
heart disease, decreased reaction time and accuracy, tremors, aches
synaptic rescaling - CORRECT ANSWER homeostasis in the brain in terms of brain
function
"sharp-wave ripple" - CORRECT ANSWER particular activity in the EEG that is
associated with replays
language - CORRECT ANSWER conversation of internal representations into an external
code and vis versa; set rules and can be displayed in patterns
Hierarchical structure of language - CORRECT ANSWER sentences → phrase → word →
morpheme → phoneme
phonology - CORRECT ANSWER individual sounds; smallest unit of speech
morphology - CORRECT ANSWER structure of suffixes and prefixes, internal grammar
of words, where lexicon exists
syntax - CORRECT ANSWER rules of word order which communicate thought
