BIO 168 Exam 3 2025: Newest Test Bank & Study Guide for Anatomy & Physiology

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BIO 168 EXAM 3 AND STUDY GUIDE NEWEST 2025

TEST BANK| COMPLETE 350 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS

AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED

ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+ (BRAND NEW!!)

What is the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?

.....ANSWER.....functional division of the nervous system that is

responsible for homeostatic reflexes that coordinate control of

cardiac and smooth muscle, as well as glandular tissue

What is an action potential? .....ANSWER.....change in voltage of

a cell membrane in response to a stimulus that results in

transmission of an electrical signal; unique to neurons and muscle

fibers

What is the central nervous system (CNS)?

.....ANSWER.....anatomical division of the nervous system located

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within the cranial and vertebral cavities, namely the brain and

spinal cord

What is the enteric nervous system (ENS)? .....ANSWER.....the

brain of the gut

What is a graded potential? .....ANSWER.....change in the

membrane potential that varies in size, depending on the size of

the stimulus that elicits it

What is the somatic nervous system (SNS)?

.....ANSWER.....functional division of the nervous system that is

concerned with conscious perception, voluntary movement, and

skeletal muscle reflexes

Which of the following cavities contains a component of the

central nervous system? .....ANSWER.....Cranial and spinal cord

Which functional division of the nervous system would be

responsible for the physiological changes seen during exercise

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(e.g., increased heart rate and sweating)?

.....ANSWER.....Autonomic

Which of the following substances is least able to cross

the blood-brain barrier? .....ANSWER.....White blood cells

What ion enters a neuron causing depolarization of the

cell membrane? .....ANSWER.....Sodium

Voltage-gated Na+ channels open upon reaching what

state? .....ANSWER.....Threshold

What does a ligand-gated channel require in order to

open? .....ANSWER.....Binding of a neurotransmitter

What does a mechanically gated channel respond to?

.....ANSWER.....Physical stimulus

A channel opens on a postsynaptic membrane that

causes a negative ion to enter the cell. What type of graded

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potential is this? .....ANSWER.....Hyper-polarizing

What does the anatomical division of the peripheral nervous

system (PNS) consist of? .....ANSWER.....Nerves, nerve plexuses,

cranial nerves (12 pairs) and spinal nerves (31 pairs)

What does the anatomical division of the autonomic nervous

system (ANS) consist of? .....ANSWER.....Sympathetic and

Parasympathetic system

What does the sympathetic nervous system do?

.....ANSWER.....Fight or flight; It readies the body for vigorous

emergency activity.

What does the parasympathetic nervous system do?

.....ANSWER.....Rest and digest; It creates a reverse response of

the sympathetic nervous system to help slow the body down

What does the sensory (afferent) division do?

.....ANSWER.....sensory input comes in