N5315 Neurologic System Core Knowledge Study Objective with Advanced Organizers

Neurologic System Core Knowledge Objectives with Advanced Organizers 1. Discuss the anatomy and physiology of the brain and brain stem. a. Explain the function of the twelve cranial nerves Cranial Nerve Function Sign of Dysfunction I Olfactory Purely sensory; carries impulse for sense of smell Fibers arise from nasal olfactory epithelium and from synapses with olfactory bulbs that transmit impulses to temporal lobe Person is asked to sniff aromatic substances such as oil of closes vanilla and identify them Hyposmia-impared sense of smell and anosmia II optic Purely sensory, carries impulse for vision. Fibers arise from retina of eye to form optic nerve which passes through sphenoid bone: two optic nerves form the form optic chiasma and eventually end in occipital cortex Vision and visual field tested with an eye chart and by testing point at which person first sees an object moving into visual field, inside eye is viewed with scope to observe blood vessels of eye interior. III oculomotor Contains motor fibers to interior oblique and superior, inferior, and medial rectus extraocular muscles that direct eyeball; levator muscle of eyelid, smooth muscle of iris and ciliary body; and proprioception to brain from extraocular muscle Fibers emerge from midbrain and exit from skull and extend eye Puplis examine for size shape and equality pupiliary reflex tested with a penlight ability to follow moving objects IV trochlear Proprioceptor and motor fibers for superior obliques muscles of eye Fiber emerges from posterior midbrain and exit from skull to run to eye Test common with cranial nerve III V Trigeminal Both motor and sensory for face; conduct sensory impulses from mouth nose, surface of eye and dura mater; also contains motor fibers that stimulate muscle to brain Fibers emerge from pons and from three division that exit from skull and run to face and cranial dura mater Sensation of pain, touch, and temperature tested with safety pin and hot and cold objects VI Abducent Contains motor fibers to lateral rectus muscle and proprioceptor fibers from same muscle to brain Fiber leave interior pons and exit from skull and extend to eye Tested in common with cranial nerve III relative to move each eye laterally