Page 1 of 181
Summary NREMT Airway Respiration & Ventilation
Study Guide Notes ( Latest 2025)
A responsive 18 year old female swallowed a marble and is
cyanotic you should: .....ANSWER.....deliver abdominal thrusts(for
adults)
Why not back blows and chest thrusts?
Ans: preform on small infants
While evaluating a 68-year-old complaining of acute onset of
shortness of breath, you note his pulse ox. reads 92%. The
patient presents in tripod position with rhonchi in ascusiltation of
the right ling. You should: .....ANSWER.....administer o2 by
cannula beginning at 2 lpm titrated to patient relief
Why not 97% via canula?
,Page 2 of 181
Ans: too high(O2) only need to get to 94%, even If a possible
COPD still need a light for of oxygen.
You arrive at a hotel to find a 27 year old female unresponsive
and breathing shallowly at a rate of 8/min. Your partner notes
that the patient's pupils are 2 mm and slightly reactive too light.
You should: .....ANSWER.....Assist the patient's ventilations with
BVM
Why not first administer narloxone?
Ans: can take a long process, and since the breathing is 8 per
min need to ventilate first.
While ventilating an unresponsive 34 year old male, you notice
increased resistance during ventilations. You should:
.....ANSWER.....Reposition Airway
,Page 3 of 181
Why not increase the the force of ventilations?
Ans: increased air causes gastric distention(too much pressure on
the abdomen)
The portion of the brain that is responsible for the control of
ventilation is the: .....ANSWER.....Medulla Oblangata
What is the cure to hypoxia? .....ANSWER.....Oxygen flow to
sustain oxygen between 94-95%(equal or more 90% in COPD)
Capnography .....ANSWER.....A noninvasive method to quickly
and efficiently provide information on a patient's ventilatory
status, circulation, and metabolism; effectively measures the
concentration of carbon dioxide in expired air over time.
(ventilation eliminates large amounts of CO2; capnography is an
assessment)
, Page 4 of 181
--> altered mental status, diminished lung sounds, and inability to
speak are inadequate ventilation
Perfusion .....ANSWER.....Adequate blood flow to the body cells
that allows the proper delivery of oxygen and nutrients and the
adequate removal of waste products(oxygen is transported on
the red blood cell by hemoglobin molecule)
Minute volume .....ANSWER.....Tidal Volume X Rate
Alveolar Ventilation .....ANSWER.....The amount of air that
reaches the alveoli during ventilation
External Respiration .....ANSWER.....The exchange of oxygen and
carbon dioxide from air to blood at the level of the alveoli
-Requires adequate alveolar ventilation
-Requires adequate blood flow to pulmonary capillaries
Internal Respiration .....ANSWER.....The exchange of oxygen and
carbon dioxide from blood to the cells of the body
Summary NREMT Airway Respiration & Ventilation
Study Guide Notes ( Latest 2025)
A responsive 18 year old female swallowed a marble and is
cyanotic you should: .....ANSWER.....deliver abdominal thrusts(for
adults)
Why not back blows and chest thrusts?
Ans: preform on small infants
While evaluating a 68-year-old complaining of acute onset of
shortness of breath, you note his pulse ox. reads 92%. The
patient presents in tripod position with rhonchi in ascusiltation of
the right ling. You should: .....ANSWER.....administer o2 by
cannula beginning at 2 lpm titrated to patient relief
Why not 97% via canula?
,Page 2 of 181
Ans: too high(O2) only need to get to 94%, even If a possible
COPD still need a light for of oxygen.
You arrive at a hotel to find a 27 year old female unresponsive
and breathing shallowly at a rate of 8/min. Your partner notes
that the patient's pupils are 2 mm and slightly reactive too light.
You should: .....ANSWER.....Assist the patient's ventilations with
BVM
Why not first administer narloxone?
Ans: can take a long process, and since the breathing is 8 per
min need to ventilate first.
While ventilating an unresponsive 34 year old male, you notice
increased resistance during ventilations. You should:
.....ANSWER.....Reposition Airway
,Page 3 of 181
Why not increase the the force of ventilations?
Ans: increased air causes gastric distention(too much pressure on
the abdomen)
The portion of the brain that is responsible for the control of
ventilation is the: .....ANSWER.....Medulla Oblangata
What is the cure to hypoxia? .....ANSWER.....Oxygen flow to
sustain oxygen between 94-95%(equal or more 90% in COPD)
Capnography .....ANSWER.....A noninvasive method to quickly
and efficiently provide information on a patient's ventilatory
status, circulation, and metabolism; effectively measures the
concentration of carbon dioxide in expired air over time.
(ventilation eliminates large amounts of CO2; capnography is an
assessment)
, Page 4 of 181
--> altered mental status, diminished lung sounds, and inability to
speak are inadequate ventilation
Perfusion .....ANSWER.....Adequate blood flow to the body cells
that allows the proper delivery of oxygen and nutrients and the
adequate removal of waste products(oxygen is transported on
the red blood cell by hemoglobin molecule)
Minute volume .....ANSWER.....Tidal Volume X Rate
Alveolar Ventilation .....ANSWER.....The amount of air that
reaches the alveoli during ventilation
External Respiration .....ANSWER.....The exchange of oxygen and
carbon dioxide from air to blood at the level of the alveoli
-Requires adequate alveolar ventilation
-Requires adequate blood flow to pulmonary capillaries
Internal Respiration .....ANSWER.....The exchange of oxygen and
carbon dioxide from blood to the cells of the body
