age 1 of 98
ANP1111 FINAL EXAM REVIEW 2025/2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS <BRAND NEW VERSION>
Describe the stages of sleep .......Answer.........REM: skeletal
muscles are inhibited, dreaming occurs, higher BP and
respiration rate
NREM stage 1: relaxation begins, alpha waves
NREM stage 2: irregular EEG
NREM stage 3: deep sleep, theta and delta waves
NREM stage 4: delta waves
How does the suprachiasmatic nucleus work? .......Answer.........-
Inhibits the reticular activating system -> less stimulation to
cortex.
,age 2 of 98
-When time to wake up approaches, hypothalamic neurons
release orexins that wake us up.
-Cortisol is also released to help us start a new day
Why is sleep important? .......Answer.........- Allows us to
consolidate new memories
- Discard memories that are no longer accessed
- Restore the brain (synapses tidied up)
What is narcolepsy and what is its cause?
.......Answer.........Sudden lapsing into sleep
Caused by a disease that causes the immune system to destroy
orexins
,age 3 of 98
What is insomnia and what causes it? .......Answer.........Inability to
obtain sufficient sleep.
Caused by: anxiety, depression, overuse of caffeine, using
screens close to bed time
What is sleep apnea and what causes it?
.......Answer.........temporary cessation of breathing during sleep
Caused by: muscle relaxation and obstruction of air pathway
What are the four subdivisions of the brain?
.......Answer.........cerebrum, diencephalon, brainstem, cerebellum
What is gray matter? .......Answer.........short, nonmyelinated
neurons and cell bodies, some is organized into nuclei.
What is white matter? .......Answer.........myelinated axons
, age 4 of 98
How is gray and white matter organized in the spinal cord?
.......Answer.........Central cavity surround with gray matter in a
butterfly shape, which is surround with white matter
How is gray and white matter organized in the brain?
.......Answer.........Central cavity surrounded with gray matter.
Some nuclei scattered. outside of cerebrum and cerebellum is
covered in gray matter. Rest is white matter.
What are ventricles? .......Answer.........Spaces in the brain filled
with cerebral spinal fluid and lined with ependymal cells
What are the four ventricles of the brain? .......Answer.........two
lateral ventricles, third ventricle, fourth ventricle
What separates the two lateral ventricles?
.......Answer.........septum pellucidum
ANP1111 FINAL EXAM REVIEW 2025/2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS <BRAND NEW VERSION>
Describe the stages of sleep .......Answer.........REM: skeletal
muscles are inhibited, dreaming occurs, higher BP and
respiration rate
NREM stage 1: relaxation begins, alpha waves
NREM stage 2: irregular EEG
NREM stage 3: deep sleep, theta and delta waves
NREM stage 4: delta waves
How does the suprachiasmatic nucleus work? .......Answer.........-
Inhibits the reticular activating system -> less stimulation to
cortex.
,age 2 of 98
-When time to wake up approaches, hypothalamic neurons
release orexins that wake us up.
-Cortisol is also released to help us start a new day
Why is sleep important? .......Answer.........- Allows us to
consolidate new memories
- Discard memories that are no longer accessed
- Restore the brain (synapses tidied up)
What is narcolepsy and what is its cause?
.......Answer.........Sudden lapsing into sleep
Caused by a disease that causes the immune system to destroy
orexins
,age 3 of 98
What is insomnia and what causes it? .......Answer.........Inability to
obtain sufficient sleep.
Caused by: anxiety, depression, overuse of caffeine, using
screens close to bed time
What is sleep apnea and what causes it?
.......Answer.........temporary cessation of breathing during sleep
Caused by: muscle relaxation and obstruction of air pathway
What are the four subdivisions of the brain?
.......Answer.........cerebrum, diencephalon, brainstem, cerebellum
What is gray matter? .......Answer.........short, nonmyelinated
neurons and cell bodies, some is organized into nuclei.
What is white matter? .......Answer.........myelinated axons
, age 4 of 98
How is gray and white matter organized in the spinal cord?
.......Answer.........Central cavity surround with gray matter in a
butterfly shape, which is surround with white matter
How is gray and white matter organized in the brain?
.......Answer.........Central cavity surrounded with gray matter.
Some nuclei scattered. outside of cerebrum and cerebellum is
covered in gray matter. Rest is white matter.
What are ventricles? .......Answer.........Spaces in the brain filled
with cerebral spinal fluid and lined with ependymal cells
What are the four ventricles of the brain? .......Answer.........two
lateral ventricles, third ventricle, fourth ventricle
What separates the two lateral ventricles?
.......Answer.........septum pellucidum
