HEALTH POLICY 3400 FINAL EXAM
REVIEW 2025/2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% PASS
What are the 4 parts of the health policy triangle - ANS context, content, process, actors
Agency - ANS power or capacity of actors to act independently and to make their own free
choices
context - ANS systemic factors which may have an effect on health policy
situational factors - ANS transient (impermanent) conditions which may influence policy
(focusing events)
structural factors - ANS unchanging elements of society (politics, opportunity to participate in
decision-making, economic, demographics)
cultural factors - ANS ability to question higher-ups, linguistic/cultural differences, difficulties
for women's health servcies, religion
international/exogenous factors - ANS greater inter-dependence between states, some
health problems require coopeation
Stages heuristic - ANS problem identification and issue recognition
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,- how are problems formed
- why on agenda
policy formulation
- who formulated the policy
- who decided and agreed on it
Policy Decision
- what decision was made
- consider doing nothing
- consider alternatives
policy implementation
- how were objectives pursued
- how did they put it into action
Policy evaluation
- were objectives acheived
- unintended consequences
Mandate letters - ANS to each of ministers envisioning what the prime minister sees in the
foreseeable future
public policy - ANS a course of action or inaction chosen by public authorities to address a
given problem
healthy public policy - ANS public policies outside of the health sector "characterised by an
explicit concern for health and equity in all areas of policy and by an accountability for health
impact"
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, program - ANS activity that organizes or delivers a service or goods to achieve a policy's
objectives
politics - ANS the art or science concered with guiding or influencing governmental policy,
with evidence or ideological influences
federalism - ANS divides authorities among levels of governemnt, and intentionally restricts
the powers of the cnetral governemnt
conditions of the canada health act - ANS comprehensiveness, universality, accessibility,
portability, public administration
comprehensiveness - ANS all insured services must be provided by physicians or within
hospitals
universality - ANS provincial plans must cover 100% of insured services for all insured persons
under uniform terms and conditions
accessibility - ANS need to be 'reasonably accessible to all insured persons' - no user
charged/extra billing feels, reasonable compensation to its health professionals
portability - ANS requires certain coverage for insured residents when temporarily out of
province, waiting period of 3 months before eligibility in a new province
public administration - ANS administered and operated at a non-profit basis by a public
authority
ontario health - ANS A 'super agency' established in 2019 whose mandate is "to implement
the health system strategies developed by the Ministry [of Health]" and "manage health service
needs across Ontario..." (among other things)
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
REVIEW 2025/2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% PASS
What are the 4 parts of the health policy triangle - ANS context, content, process, actors
Agency - ANS power or capacity of actors to act independently and to make their own free
choices
context - ANS systemic factors which may have an effect on health policy
situational factors - ANS transient (impermanent) conditions which may influence policy
(focusing events)
structural factors - ANS unchanging elements of society (politics, opportunity to participate in
decision-making, economic, demographics)
cultural factors - ANS ability to question higher-ups, linguistic/cultural differences, difficulties
for women's health servcies, religion
international/exogenous factors - ANS greater inter-dependence between states, some
health problems require coopeation
Stages heuristic - ANS problem identification and issue recognition
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,- how are problems formed
- why on agenda
policy formulation
- who formulated the policy
- who decided and agreed on it
Policy Decision
- what decision was made
- consider doing nothing
- consider alternatives
policy implementation
- how were objectives pursued
- how did they put it into action
Policy evaluation
- were objectives acheived
- unintended consequences
Mandate letters - ANS to each of ministers envisioning what the prime minister sees in the
foreseeable future
public policy - ANS a course of action or inaction chosen by public authorities to address a
given problem
healthy public policy - ANS public policies outside of the health sector "characterised by an
explicit concern for health and equity in all areas of policy and by an accountability for health
impact"
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, program - ANS activity that organizes or delivers a service or goods to achieve a policy's
objectives
politics - ANS the art or science concered with guiding or influencing governmental policy,
with evidence or ideological influences
federalism - ANS divides authorities among levels of governemnt, and intentionally restricts
the powers of the cnetral governemnt
conditions of the canada health act - ANS comprehensiveness, universality, accessibility,
portability, public administration
comprehensiveness - ANS all insured services must be provided by physicians or within
hospitals
universality - ANS provincial plans must cover 100% of insured services for all insured persons
under uniform terms and conditions
accessibility - ANS need to be 'reasonably accessible to all insured persons' - no user
charged/extra billing feels, reasonable compensation to its health professionals
portability - ANS requires certain coverage for insured residents when temporarily out of
province, waiting period of 3 months before eligibility in a new province
public administration - ANS administered and operated at a non-profit basis by a public
authority
ontario health - ANS A 'super agency' established in 2019 whose mandate is "to implement
the health system strategies developed by the Ministry [of Health]" and "manage health service
needs across Ontario..." (among other things)
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
