ABFM ITE Final Exam 2025/2026 Latest
Exam!!! – Complete Practice Questions,
Answers, and Study Guide for Family
Medicine Residents
CAP antibiotic that causes VF - answers Azithromycin
- The arrhythmia results from prolongation of the QT interval and is also more common
in patients with a prior cardiac history.
Anti-DM medications for weight loss - answers GLP1 receptor agonists e.g. Exenatide
SGLT-2 inhibitor e.g. Canagliflozin
Screening test with greatest potential for over diagnosis - answers PSA
Clinical manifestation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - answers Asymmetric leg
weakness
Opioid to avoid in palliative patient with severe hepatic dysfunction - answers
Methadone
- It is metabolized and cleared by the liver, and should therefore not be used in patients
with severe hepatic impairment. It is, however, a reasonable option for patients with
severe renal impairment.
Lung cancer screening with low dose CT Chest annually - answers Adults 55-80yo with
30 pack year history and currently smoking or quit within last 15 years
NOAC with reversal agent - answers Dabigatran
Reduces alcoholism but creating an acute ethanol sensitivity - answers Disulfiram
Antidepressant to be avoided in the elderly - answers Paroxetine (associated with more
anticholinergic effects)
SSRIs > SNRIs, atypical antipsychotics may be added for resistant depression
Age group between which American Academy of Pediatrics recommends administration
of an autism-specific screening tool - answers 18-24 months old
Most common neurological complication of Paget's disease of the bone - answers
Most common cardiac complication of Lyme disease - answers Heart blocks
,Examination finding of those with bacterial vaginosis - answers Vaginal pH >4.5 (normal
vaginal pH should be acidic)
Most common cause of medication-related adverse events across health care settings
in the United States - answers Antibiotics
Screening for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis - answers Not recommended
In anaphylaxis, which drug is most likely helpful in preventing the need for intubation? -
answers
Barrett's oesophagus with no dysplasia - answers
Positive family history of colorectal cancer - answers Individuals who have a first-degree
relative with colorectal cancer or advanced adenoma diagnosed before 60 years of age
or two first-degree relatives diagnosed at any age should be advised to start screening
colonoscopy at 40 years of age or 10 years younger than the earliest diagnosis in their
family, whichever comes first.
Most common cause of hearing loss in newborns - answers Genetic inheritance
Lab findings in Von Willebrand disease - answers
U.S. federal labor law requires companies with >50 employees to provide which benefits
for employees who are nursing mothers - answers
Influenza vaccination in those with potential egg allergy - answers All currently available
influenza vaccines, with the exceptions of recombinant and cell-culture-based
inactivated influenza vaccines, are prepared using embryonated egg culture and can
potentially provoke allergic and anaphylactic reactions.
For those who report that they can eat lightly cooked scrambled eggs, vaccination can
proceed without precaution or observation. Those who have experienced only hives can
also receive any influenza vaccine appropriate for their age and health status.
People who have experienced symptoms such as hypotension, wheezing, nausea, or
vomiting, or reactions requiring emergency attention or epinephrine after eating eggs or
egg-containing foods can also receive any influenza vaccine appropriate for their age
and health status and also do not need to be observed. However, the vaccine should be
administered by a provider who can recognize and manage severe allergic reactions.
How is the Timed Up and Go test useful in GRM patients? - answers Helps to assess
the risk of falling
,Antidepressant that can prolong QT interval to be avoided in those on concomitant
atypical antipsychotics - answers Citalopram, Escitalopram
Other SSRIs, as well as bupropion, venlafaxine, and mirtazapine, do not have this
effect. Both tricyclic antidepressants and antipsychotics, commonly used in patients also
taking SSRIs, can cause QT prolongation, making their combined use problematic.
Antibiotic for traveller's diarrhoea - answers Azithromycin
Prevented by washing hands frequently
Most effective medication for treating fibromyalgia - answers TCAs > SSRIs (helps with
some pain reduction)
In a healthy full-term infant who is exclusively breastfed, iron supplementation should
begin at what age in order to prevent iron deficiency anaemia? - answers 4 months
- In preterm babies (before 37w), elemental iron supplementation (2mg/kg per day)
should begin at 1 month of age and should continue until 12 months of age, unless the
infant had multiple blood transfusions.
In primary nephrotic syndrome, other than proteinuria and low albumin, what else is
commonly observed? - answers Coagulopathy
Chronic medication that can cause B12 deficiency - answers Metformin
Strongest risk factor for primary hypertension in children and adolescents - answers
Elevated BMI
While Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species are the most common causes
of skin and soft-tissue infection, which organism should also be considered? - answers
Pseudomonas
Treatment of erythrasma (Wood's lamp coral pink/red fluorescence, fine-scaled with a
cigarette-paper appearance) caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum infection -
answers Erythromycin
Which radiologic funding of a lung nodule is most predictive of malignancy? - answers
Which investigation is routine in all newborns with Down syndrome? - answers
Echocardiography
Treatment duration for provoked vs unprovoked PE - answers 3 months and indefinitely
respectively
, In patients with symptoms indicative of pneumonia or heart failure, what investigations
can be done to determine treatment of either condition or both? - answers BNP and
procalcitonin levels
How to increase HDL (good cholesterol)? - answers Add niacin
Dietary recommendation in diverticulosis - answers High fibre or take fibre supplements
Side effects of prolonged PPI use - answers C diff infection, hypoMg, hip fracture
Which antiemetic blocks dopamine stimulation in the chemoreceptor trigger zone? -
answers Metoclopramide
Little League shoulder is a repetitive use injury causing disruption at the proximal
growth plate of the humerus - answers Proximal humeral epiphysitis.
Can be seen on plain radiographs as widening, demineralization, or sclerosis at the
growth plate.
Taking beta carotene and Vit E to prevent cancer and heart disease - answers
Fluoride supplementation should be started at what age when primary water supply is
deficient in fluoride - answers 6 months
Medications that can reduce serum Vitamin D levels - answers Rifampicin, Phenytoin
Isolated posterior cruciate ligament tear - answers Direct blow to the anterior tibia whilst
knee is in flexion
What should patients be periodically monitored for whilst on Amiodarone? - answers
TSH
Drug of choice in depressed persons with cardiovascular disease - answers SSRIs
Antibiotics causing prolonged QT - answers Macrolides
Benign nocturnal limb pains of childhood (previously known as "growing pains") -
answers Usually occur in the evening or night time, may sometimes wake patient from
sleep, short-lived (about 30min), not associated with
redness/swelling/tenderness/limping.
No further work-up necessary.
Treatment of OSA in children - answers Adenotonsillectomy
Exam!!! – Complete Practice Questions,
Answers, and Study Guide for Family
Medicine Residents
CAP antibiotic that causes VF - answers Azithromycin
- The arrhythmia results from prolongation of the QT interval and is also more common
in patients with a prior cardiac history.
Anti-DM medications for weight loss - answers GLP1 receptor agonists e.g. Exenatide
SGLT-2 inhibitor e.g. Canagliflozin
Screening test with greatest potential for over diagnosis - answers PSA
Clinical manifestation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - answers Asymmetric leg
weakness
Opioid to avoid in palliative patient with severe hepatic dysfunction - answers
Methadone
- It is metabolized and cleared by the liver, and should therefore not be used in patients
with severe hepatic impairment. It is, however, a reasonable option for patients with
severe renal impairment.
Lung cancer screening with low dose CT Chest annually - answers Adults 55-80yo with
30 pack year history and currently smoking or quit within last 15 years
NOAC with reversal agent - answers Dabigatran
Reduces alcoholism but creating an acute ethanol sensitivity - answers Disulfiram
Antidepressant to be avoided in the elderly - answers Paroxetine (associated with more
anticholinergic effects)
SSRIs > SNRIs, atypical antipsychotics may be added for resistant depression
Age group between which American Academy of Pediatrics recommends administration
of an autism-specific screening tool - answers 18-24 months old
Most common neurological complication of Paget's disease of the bone - answers
Most common cardiac complication of Lyme disease - answers Heart blocks
,Examination finding of those with bacterial vaginosis - answers Vaginal pH >4.5 (normal
vaginal pH should be acidic)
Most common cause of medication-related adverse events across health care settings
in the United States - answers Antibiotics
Screening for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis - answers Not recommended
In anaphylaxis, which drug is most likely helpful in preventing the need for intubation? -
answers
Barrett's oesophagus with no dysplasia - answers
Positive family history of colorectal cancer - answers Individuals who have a first-degree
relative with colorectal cancer or advanced adenoma diagnosed before 60 years of age
or two first-degree relatives diagnosed at any age should be advised to start screening
colonoscopy at 40 years of age or 10 years younger than the earliest diagnosis in their
family, whichever comes first.
Most common cause of hearing loss in newborns - answers Genetic inheritance
Lab findings in Von Willebrand disease - answers
U.S. federal labor law requires companies with >50 employees to provide which benefits
for employees who are nursing mothers - answers
Influenza vaccination in those with potential egg allergy - answers All currently available
influenza vaccines, with the exceptions of recombinant and cell-culture-based
inactivated influenza vaccines, are prepared using embryonated egg culture and can
potentially provoke allergic and anaphylactic reactions.
For those who report that they can eat lightly cooked scrambled eggs, vaccination can
proceed without precaution or observation. Those who have experienced only hives can
also receive any influenza vaccine appropriate for their age and health status.
People who have experienced symptoms such as hypotension, wheezing, nausea, or
vomiting, or reactions requiring emergency attention or epinephrine after eating eggs or
egg-containing foods can also receive any influenza vaccine appropriate for their age
and health status and also do not need to be observed. However, the vaccine should be
administered by a provider who can recognize and manage severe allergic reactions.
How is the Timed Up and Go test useful in GRM patients? - answers Helps to assess
the risk of falling
,Antidepressant that can prolong QT interval to be avoided in those on concomitant
atypical antipsychotics - answers Citalopram, Escitalopram
Other SSRIs, as well as bupropion, venlafaxine, and mirtazapine, do not have this
effect. Both tricyclic antidepressants and antipsychotics, commonly used in patients also
taking SSRIs, can cause QT prolongation, making their combined use problematic.
Antibiotic for traveller's diarrhoea - answers Azithromycin
Prevented by washing hands frequently
Most effective medication for treating fibromyalgia - answers TCAs > SSRIs (helps with
some pain reduction)
In a healthy full-term infant who is exclusively breastfed, iron supplementation should
begin at what age in order to prevent iron deficiency anaemia? - answers 4 months
- In preterm babies (before 37w), elemental iron supplementation (2mg/kg per day)
should begin at 1 month of age and should continue until 12 months of age, unless the
infant had multiple blood transfusions.
In primary nephrotic syndrome, other than proteinuria and low albumin, what else is
commonly observed? - answers Coagulopathy
Chronic medication that can cause B12 deficiency - answers Metformin
Strongest risk factor for primary hypertension in children and adolescents - answers
Elevated BMI
While Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species are the most common causes
of skin and soft-tissue infection, which organism should also be considered? - answers
Pseudomonas
Treatment of erythrasma (Wood's lamp coral pink/red fluorescence, fine-scaled with a
cigarette-paper appearance) caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum infection -
answers Erythromycin
Which radiologic funding of a lung nodule is most predictive of malignancy? - answers
Which investigation is routine in all newborns with Down syndrome? - answers
Echocardiography
Treatment duration for provoked vs unprovoked PE - answers 3 months and indefinitely
respectively
, In patients with symptoms indicative of pneumonia or heart failure, what investigations
can be done to determine treatment of either condition or both? - answers BNP and
procalcitonin levels
How to increase HDL (good cholesterol)? - answers Add niacin
Dietary recommendation in diverticulosis - answers High fibre or take fibre supplements
Side effects of prolonged PPI use - answers C diff infection, hypoMg, hip fracture
Which antiemetic blocks dopamine stimulation in the chemoreceptor trigger zone? -
answers Metoclopramide
Little League shoulder is a repetitive use injury causing disruption at the proximal
growth plate of the humerus - answers Proximal humeral epiphysitis.
Can be seen on plain radiographs as widening, demineralization, or sclerosis at the
growth plate.
Taking beta carotene and Vit E to prevent cancer and heart disease - answers
Fluoride supplementation should be started at what age when primary water supply is
deficient in fluoride - answers 6 months
Medications that can reduce serum Vitamin D levels - answers Rifampicin, Phenytoin
Isolated posterior cruciate ligament tear - answers Direct blow to the anterior tibia whilst
knee is in flexion
What should patients be periodically monitored for whilst on Amiodarone? - answers
TSH
Drug of choice in depressed persons with cardiovascular disease - answers SSRIs
Antibiotics causing prolonged QT - answers Macrolides
Benign nocturnal limb pains of childhood (previously known as "growing pains") -
answers Usually occur in the evening or night time, may sometimes wake patient from
sleep, short-lived (about 30min), not associated with
redness/swelling/tenderness/limping.
No further work-up necessary.
Treatment of OSA in children - answers Adenotonsillectomy
