ALL GCSE AQA JUNE 2025 HIGHER
TRIPLE SCIENCE (BIOLOGY, PHYSICS,
CHEMISTRY) PAPER 1 AND PAPER 2
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
C1 1) What are the three states of matter? - answersSolid, liquid, gas
C1 2) What is the particle theory? - answersExplains properties of solids, liquids and
gases in terms of movement particles and distance between particles.
C1 3)What is a solid? - answersParticles held close together. Strong forces between.
Particles do not move from position, only slightly vibrate.
C1 4)What is a liquid? - answersParticles randomly arranged and free to move past
each other, but stick closely together. Weaker forces. Don't keep a definite shape.
C1 5)What are gases? - answersParticles are free to move and do so randomly.
Particles are very far apart. Very weak forces between particles.
C1 6)What is melting? - answersWhen a solid goes to a liquid by heating.
C1 7)What is boiling? - answersWhat a liquid goes to a gas by heating.
C1 8)What is condensing? - answersWhen a gas goes to a liquid by cooling.
C1 9)What is freezing? - answersWhen liquid goes to a solid by cooling.
C1 10)Why do substances have different melting points? - answersDepends on amount
of energy needed to break bonds in substance.
C1 11)Define atom - answersSmallest part of an element that can still be recognised as
an element.
C1 12)Define element - answersA substance made up of only one type of atom
C1 13)Define compound - answersA substance made of two or more different atoms
chemically bonded together.
C1 14) What are chemical symbols? - answersSymbols (One or two letters) to represent
an atom so it can universally recognised around the world.
C1 15)What are chemical equations? - answersThey show what happens during a
chemical reaction. Reactants go on left, products on the right.
,C1 16)What are word equations? - answersShow what happens during a chemical
reaction using the words of the substances involved.
C1 17)What are symbol equations? - answersShow what happens during a chemical
reaction using the symbols of the substances involved.
C1 18)What is a balanced equation? - answersAn equation with the same number of
atoms of each element on both sides.
C1 19) What are state symbols? - answersSymbols that represent what state the
substances are in. s for solid, l for liquid, g for gas, aq for aqueous.
C1 20)Define mixture - answersA substance made of more than one things not
chemically joined together.
C1 21)What is chromatography? - answersUsed to separate mixtures of different
colours.
C1 22)What is filtration? - answersUsed to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid. Like
sand and water.
C1 23)What is crystallisation? - answersUsed to separate a soluble solid and a solution.
Gently heat a solution and some of the solvent will evaporate.
C1 24)What is simple distillation? - answersSeparate out a liquid from a mixture. Only
be used to separate substances with boiling point significantly apart from each other.
C1 25)How does simple distillation work? - answersHeat the mixture. Liquid with lowest
boiling point will boil and evaporate. As this passes condenser, it condenses back into a
liquid and is collected.
C1 26)What is fractional distillation? - answersSeparating a mixture of different liquids
and useful when boiling points are close together.
C1 27)How does fractional distillation work? - answersMixture heated. Lowest boiling
point evaporates first. If others evaporate, top of column is cooler so will condense back
down. Once first liquid is collected, next is collect and so on.
C1 28) How does chromatography work? - answersWorks because some mixtures will
dissolve better than others in the solvent chosen. The more soluble a substance is in
the solvent, the further up the paper it is carried.
C1 29) What did John Dalton believe the atom to look like? - answersTiny, hard spheres
(like snooker balls). He believed they could not be split any further.
, C1 30) What model came after Dalton's sphere model? - answersPlum pudding model
C1 31)What is the plum pudding model? - answersStates that the atom was a ball of
positive charge with negative electrons stuck in it.
C1 32)What is the gold foil experiment? - answersFired alpha particles at an extremely
thin sheet of gold foil. Most went through but some bounced back.
C1 33)What did the gold foil experiment prove? - answersThat atoms have a nucleus
with a positive charge.
C1 34)Who did the gold foil experiment? - answersGeiger and Marsden
C1 35)What is the nuclear model of the atom? - answersNeils Bohr's model that
suggested electrons were contained in shells and they orbit the nucleus.
C1 36)Who discovered neutrons? - answersJames Chadwick.
C1 37)State the three subatomic particles (what makes up an atom?) -
answersElectrons, protons and neutrons
C1 38)State the masses of the subatomic particles - answersElectrons 0, protons 1,
neutrons 1
C1 39)State the charges of the subatomic particles - answersElectrons -1, protons +1,
neutrons 0
C1 40)How are the subatomic particles arranged? - answersProtons and neutrons in the
nucleus (in the middle), electrons orbiting in shells.
C1 41)How do you calculate the number of protons and electrons in an atom? -
answersThe proton number on the periodic table (the smaller number)
C1 42)How do you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom? - answersMass
number (big number) - proton number (small number)
C1 43)What is the mass of an atom? - answersThe number of Protons add neutrons
C1 44) Why does an atom have no overall charge? - answersSame number of protons
and electrons
C1 45)What are isotopes? - answersDifferent forms of the same element, which have
the same number of protons but different number of neutrons. Same atomic number but
a different mass.
C1 46)What are ions? - answersCharged particles.
TRIPLE SCIENCE (BIOLOGY, PHYSICS,
CHEMISTRY) PAPER 1 AND PAPER 2
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
C1 1) What are the three states of matter? - answersSolid, liquid, gas
C1 2) What is the particle theory? - answersExplains properties of solids, liquids and
gases in terms of movement particles and distance between particles.
C1 3)What is a solid? - answersParticles held close together. Strong forces between.
Particles do not move from position, only slightly vibrate.
C1 4)What is a liquid? - answersParticles randomly arranged and free to move past
each other, but stick closely together. Weaker forces. Don't keep a definite shape.
C1 5)What are gases? - answersParticles are free to move and do so randomly.
Particles are very far apart. Very weak forces between particles.
C1 6)What is melting? - answersWhen a solid goes to a liquid by heating.
C1 7)What is boiling? - answersWhat a liquid goes to a gas by heating.
C1 8)What is condensing? - answersWhen a gas goes to a liquid by cooling.
C1 9)What is freezing? - answersWhen liquid goes to a solid by cooling.
C1 10)Why do substances have different melting points? - answersDepends on amount
of energy needed to break bonds in substance.
C1 11)Define atom - answersSmallest part of an element that can still be recognised as
an element.
C1 12)Define element - answersA substance made up of only one type of atom
C1 13)Define compound - answersA substance made of two or more different atoms
chemically bonded together.
C1 14) What are chemical symbols? - answersSymbols (One or two letters) to represent
an atom so it can universally recognised around the world.
C1 15)What are chemical equations? - answersThey show what happens during a
chemical reaction. Reactants go on left, products on the right.
,C1 16)What are word equations? - answersShow what happens during a chemical
reaction using the words of the substances involved.
C1 17)What are symbol equations? - answersShow what happens during a chemical
reaction using the symbols of the substances involved.
C1 18)What is a balanced equation? - answersAn equation with the same number of
atoms of each element on both sides.
C1 19) What are state symbols? - answersSymbols that represent what state the
substances are in. s for solid, l for liquid, g for gas, aq for aqueous.
C1 20)Define mixture - answersA substance made of more than one things not
chemically joined together.
C1 21)What is chromatography? - answersUsed to separate mixtures of different
colours.
C1 22)What is filtration? - answersUsed to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid. Like
sand and water.
C1 23)What is crystallisation? - answersUsed to separate a soluble solid and a solution.
Gently heat a solution and some of the solvent will evaporate.
C1 24)What is simple distillation? - answersSeparate out a liquid from a mixture. Only
be used to separate substances with boiling point significantly apart from each other.
C1 25)How does simple distillation work? - answersHeat the mixture. Liquid with lowest
boiling point will boil and evaporate. As this passes condenser, it condenses back into a
liquid and is collected.
C1 26)What is fractional distillation? - answersSeparating a mixture of different liquids
and useful when boiling points are close together.
C1 27)How does fractional distillation work? - answersMixture heated. Lowest boiling
point evaporates first. If others evaporate, top of column is cooler so will condense back
down. Once first liquid is collected, next is collect and so on.
C1 28) How does chromatography work? - answersWorks because some mixtures will
dissolve better than others in the solvent chosen. The more soluble a substance is in
the solvent, the further up the paper it is carried.
C1 29) What did John Dalton believe the atom to look like? - answersTiny, hard spheres
(like snooker balls). He believed they could not be split any further.
, C1 30) What model came after Dalton's sphere model? - answersPlum pudding model
C1 31)What is the plum pudding model? - answersStates that the atom was a ball of
positive charge with negative electrons stuck in it.
C1 32)What is the gold foil experiment? - answersFired alpha particles at an extremely
thin sheet of gold foil. Most went through but some bounced back.
C1 33)What did the gold foil experiment prove? - answersThat atoms have a nucleus
with a positive charge.
C1 34)Who did the gold foil experiment? - answersGeiger and Marsden
C1 35)What is the nuclear model of the atom? - answersNeils Bohr's model that
suggested electrons were contained in shells and they orbit the nucleus.
C1 36)Who discovered neutrons? - answersJames Chadwick.
C1 37)State the three subatomic particles (what makes up an atom?) -
answersElectrons, protons and neutrons
C1 38)State the masses of the subatomic particles - answersElectrons 0, protons 1,
neutrons 1
C1 39)State the charges of the subatomic particles - answersElectrons -1, protons +1,
neutrons 0
C1 40)How are the subatomic particles arranged? - answersProtons and neutrons in the
nucleus (in the middle), electrons orbiting in shells.
C1 41)How do you calculate the number of protons and electrons in an atom? -
answersThe proton number on the periodic table (the smaller number)
C1 42)How do you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom? - answersMass
number (big number) - proton number (small number)
C1 43)What is the mass of an atom? - answersThe number of Protons add neutrons
C1 44) Why does an atom have no overall charge? - answersSame number of protons
and electrons
C1 45)What are isotopes? - answersDifferent forms of the same element, which have
the same number of protons but different number of neutrons. Same atomic number but
a different mass.
C1 46)What are ions? - answersCharged particles.
