Bio 235 Final Exam Questions and Answers
Verified 100% Correct
Where is the effect of ADH in water permeability the greatest?
A) proximal tubule
b) ascending limb of the loop of henle
c) distal tubule
d) collecting duct epithelial cells - ANSWER -d) collecting duct epithelial cells
When you drink to much water, what happens?
A. Hypothalamic baroreceptors increase release of vasopressin, causing an
decrease of H2O excretion
B. Hypothalamic baroreceptors decrease release of vasopressin, causing an
increase of H2O excretion
C. Hypothalamic osmoreceptors decrease release of vasopressin, causing an
increase of H2O excretion
D. Hypothalamic baroreceptors increase release of vasopressin, causing an
decrease of H2O excretion - ANSWER -C. Hypothalamic osmoreceptors decrease
release of vasopressin, causing an increase of H2O excretion
37. Which of the following sequences of events is correct?
A. Renin cleaves angiotensinogen into angiotensin II; angiontensin II is cleaved by
angiontensin converting enzyme into angiotensin I
B. Renin cleaves angiotensinogen into angiotensin I; angiontensin I is cleaved by
angiontensin converting enzyme into angiotensin II
C. Angiotensin converting enzyme cleaves angiontensin II into angiotensinogen
then renin cleaves angiotensinogen to angiotensin I
D. None of the above - ANSWER -B. Renin cleaves angiotensinogen into
angiotensin I; angiontensin I is cleaved by angiontensin converting enzyme into
angiotensin II
,38. What is the net effect of an ACE inhibitor?
A. Increased blood pressure
B. Decreased blood pressure
C. Increased plasma Cl- ion levels
D. Vasoconstriction - ANSWER -B. Decreased blood pressure
39. Most reabsorption in the nephron occurs in:
A. The distal tubule
B. The collecting duct
C. The glomerulus
D. The proximal tubule - ANSWER -D. The proximal tubule
40. Constricting the efferent arteriole of the nephron
A. Decreases GFR
B. Increases GFR
C. Increases expression of AQP2
D. Increases water reabsorption in the Loop of Henle - ANSWER -B. Increases
GFR
41. Which of the following statements is FALSE?
,A. Synaptic input onto skeletal muscle cells is always excitatory, whereas inputs to
smooth muscle cells may be either excitatory or inhibitory.
B. A single smooth-muscle cell may be innervated by both a sympathetic neuron
and a parasympathetic neuron.
C. Contractile activity of smooth-muscle cells does not normally require Ca2+.
D. In the absence of any neural input, skeletal muscle cannot generate tension. -
ANSWER -C. Contractile activity of smooth-muscle cells does not normally
require Ca2+.
43. Which of the following is FALSE regarding single-unit smooth-muscle cells?
A. They have an individual neuron innervating of each individual smooth-muscle
cell.
B. They have many gap junctions between cells.
C. They may have pacemaker activity.
D. They may respond to stretch by contracting. - ANSWER -A. They have an
individual neuron innervating of each individual smooth-muscle cell.
44. The enteric nervous system contains:
A. The submucosal plexus
B. The myenteric plexus
C. The brachial plexus
D. A and B - ANSWER -D. A and B
45. Which correctly describes a major function of the stomach?
, A. the complete digestion of protein to amino acids
B. maintaining an alkaline pH for the digestion of proteins
C. absorption of saliva and chyme into the bloodstream
D. storing ingested food and partially digesting macromolecules - ANSWER -D.
storing ingested food and partially digesting macromolecules
46. Which occurs mainly in the small intestine?
A. gastrin is secreted
B. acidic chyme is neutralized
C. lysozyme is secreted
D. H+ is secreted from epithelial cells into the lumen - ANSWER -B. acidic chyme
is neutralized
What structure secretes the enzyme that breaks down starch to smaller
carbohydrates?
A. the esophagus
B. pancreatic exocrine cells
C. pancreatic duct cells
D. the liver - ANSWER -B. pancreatic exocrine cells
48. Which of the following statements regarding protein digestion and absorption
is TRUE?
Verified 100% Correct
Where is the effect of ADH in water permeability the greatest?
A) proximal tubule
b) ascending limb of the loop of henle
c) distal tubule
d) collecting duct epithelial cells - ANSWER -d) collecting duct epithelial cells
When you drink to much water, what happens?
A. Hypothalamic baroreceptors increase release of vasopressin, causing an
decrease of H2O excretion
B. Hypothalamic baroreceptors decrease release of vasopressin, causing an
increase of H2O excretion
C. Hypothalamic osmoreceptors decrease release of vasopressin, causing an
increase of H2O excretion
D. Hypothalamic baroreceptors increase release of vasopressin, causing an
decrease of H2O excretion - ANSWER -C. Hypothalamic osmoreceptors decrease
release of vasopressin, causing an increase of H2O excretion
37. Which of the following sequences of events is correct?
A. Renin cleaves angiotensinogen into angiotensin II; angiontensin II is cleaved by
angiontensin converting enzyme into angiotensin I
B. Renin cleaves angiotensinogen into angiotensin I; angiontensin I is cleaved by
angiontensin converting enzyme into angiotensin II
C. Angiotensin converting enzyme cleaves angiontensin II into angiotensinogen
then renin cleaves angiotensinogen to angiotensin I
D. None of the above - ANSWER -B. Renin cleaves angiotensinogen into
angiotensin I; angiontensin I is cleaved by angiontensin converting enzyme into
angiotensin II
,38. What is the net effect of an ACE inhibitor?
A. Increased blood pressure
B. Decreased blood pressure
C. Increased plasma Cl- ion levels
D. Vasoconstriction - ANSWER -B. Decreased blood pressure
39. Most reabsorption in the nephron occurs in:
A. The distal tubule
B. The collecting duct
C. The glomerulus
D. The proximal tubule - ANSWER -D. The proximal tubule
40. Constricting the efferent arteriole of the nephron
A. Decreases GFR
B. Increases GFR
C. Increases expression of AQP2
D. Increases water reabsorption in the Loop of Henle - ANSWER -B. Increases
GFR
41. Which of the following statements is FALSE?
,A. Synaptic input onto skeletal muscle cells is always excitatory, whereas inputs to
smooth muscle cells may be either excitatory or inhibitory.
B. A single smooth-muscle cell may be innervated by both a sympathetic neuron
and a parasympathetic neuron.
C. Contractile activity of smooth-muscle cells does not normally require Ca2+.
D. In the absence of any neural input, skeletal muscle cannot generate tension. -
ANSWER -C. Contractile activity of smooth-muscle cells does not normally
require Ca2+.
43. Which of the following is FALSE regarding single-unit smooth-muscle cells?
A. They have an individual neuron innervating of each individual smooth-muscle
cell.
B. They have many gap junctions between cells.
C. They may have pacemaker activity.
D. They may respond to stretch by contracting. - ANSWER -A. They have an
individual neuron innervating of each individual smooth-muscle cell.
44. The enteric nervous system contains:
A. The submucosal plexus
B. The myenteric plexus
C. The brachial plexus
D. A and B - ANSWER -D. A and B
45. Which correctly describes a major function of the stomach?
, A. the complete digestion of protein to amino acids
B. maintaining an alkaline pH for the digestion of proteins
C. absorption of saliva and chyme into the bloodstream
D. storing ingested food and partially digesting macromolecules - ANSWER -D.
storing ingested food and partially digesting macromolecules
46. Which occurs mainly in the small intestine?
A. gastrin is secreted
B. acidic chyme is neutralized
C. lysozyme is secreted
D. H+ is secreted from epithelial cells into the lumen - ANSWER -B. acidic chyme
is neutralized
What structure secretes the enzyme that breaks down starch to smaller
carbohydrates?
A. the esophagus
B. pancreatic exocrine cells
C. pancreatic duct cells
D. the liver - ANSWER -B. pancreatic exocrine cells
48. Which of the following statements regarding protein digestion and absorption
is TRUE?
