1|Page
NSG 530 Exam 2 Advanced Pathophysiology-Wilkes Newest
2025/2026 Complete Questions And Correct Detailed Answers
(Verified Answers)|Brand New Version!!
lab findings of beta-thalassemia - CORRECT ANSWER=-low Hgb/HCT
-low MCV
-normal/elevated retic
-increased RBC
-smear - microcytic red cells, tear drops, microspherocytes, target cells, many
nucleated red cells
-major - minimal to no HbA elevated HbF and HBA2
-normal iron studies
alpha thalassemia - CORRECT ANSWER=Diseases in which there are
insuffiecient alpha-globin chains due to gene deletions
In an autosomal dominant disorder, mom is affected, father is unaffected. The
inheritance chance for offspring is:
a. Affected 50%, Unaffected 50%
b. Affected 25%, Unaffected 75%
c. Affected 75%, Unaffected 25%
d. Affected 100%, Unaffected 0% - CORRECT ANSWER=a
In an autosomal recessive disorder, mom is non-carrier, father is affected. The
offspring's chance of inheritance is:
a. Carrier 25%, Non-carrier 75%, Affected 0%
b. Carrier 25%, Non-carrier 25%, Affected 50%
,2|Page
c. Carrier 100%, Affected 0%
d. Carrier 75%, Non-carrier 25%, Affected 0% - CORRECT ANSWER=c
In an autosomal recessive disorder, mom is carrier, father is affected. The
offspring's chance of inheritance is:
a. Carrier 25%, Non-carrier 75%, Affected 0%
b. Carrier 25%, Non-carrier 25%, Affected 50%
c. Carrier 25%, Affected 75%
d. Carrier 50%, Affected 50% - CORRECT ANSWER=d
In an x-linked dominant disorder, mom is affected, father is unaffected. The
offspring's chance of inheritance is:
a. Carrier 25%, Non-carrier 75%, Affected 0%
b. Affected 50%, Non-affected 50%
c. Affected 75%, Non-affected 25%
d. None of the above - CORRECT ANSWER=B
In an x-linked dominant disorder, mom is affected, father is affected. The
offspring's chance of inheritance is:
a. Affected 25%, Non-affected 25%
b. Affected 50%, Non-affected 50%
c. Affected 100%, Non-affected 0%
d. Affected 75%, Non-affected 25% - CORRECT ANSWER=d
,3|Page
In an x-linked recessive disorder, mom is affected, father is non-carrier. The
offspring's chance of inheritance is:
a. Non-carrier 25%, Carrier 25%, Affected 50%
b. Non-carriers 0%, Carrier 50%, Affected 50%
c. Non-carrier 25%, Carrier 25%, Affected 50% - CORRECT ANSWER=b
A husband and wife are both carriers for phenylketonuria. What are the chances
they will conceive an offspring with that disease?
a) 0%
b) 25%
c) 50%
d) 75% - CORRECT ANSWER=B
lab findings of alpha thalassemia - CORRECT ANSWER=smear with
hypochromia, microcytosis, target cells, red cell fragments, basophilic stippling
transmission of hep A - CORRECT ANSWER=fecal-oral
spread via contaminated food and water
incubation 28 days (15 - 50)
symptoms of hep A - CORRECT ANSWER=-anorexia
-headache
-abdominal pain
-myalgia
, 4|Page
-jaundice
Which action is a purpose of the inflammatory process?
a. To provide specific responses toward antigens b. To lyse cell membranes of
microorganisms c. To prevent infection of the injured tissue d. To create immunity
against subsequent tissue injury - CORRECT ANSWER=C. If the epithelial
barrier is damaged, then a highly efficient local and systemic response
(inflammation) is mobilized to limit the extent of damage, to protect against
infection, and to initiate the repair of damaged tissue. The response to a specific
offending agent is the function of the adaptive immune response. Lysosomes lyse
cell membranes. Immunity against a subsequent tissue injury occurs through the
action of B cells and T cells.
What causes the edema that occurs during the inflammatory process? a.
Vasodilation of blood vessels b. Increased capillary permeability c. Endothelial cell
expansion d. Emigration of neutrophils - CORRECT ANSWER=B. The increased
flow and capillary permeability result in a leakage of plasma from the vessels,
causing swelling (edema) in the surrounding tissue and is solely responsible for
inflammation-induced edema. Vasodilation (increased size of the blood vessels)
causes slower blood velocity and increases blood flow to the injured site.
Endothelial cell contraction (not expansion) leads to increased capillary
permeability. Emigration of neutrophils to the area of infection/injury leads to
increased destruction of the offending agent.
What plasma protein system forms a fibrinous meshwork at an inflamed site? a.
Complement b. Coagulation c. Kinin d. Fibrinolysis - CORRECT ANSWER=B.
The coagulation (clotting) system is a group of plasma proteins that form a
fibrinous meshwork at an injured or inflamed site. This protein system (1) prevents
the spread of infection to adjacent tissues, (2) traps microorganisms and foreign
bodies at the site of inflammation for removal by infiltrating cells (e.g., neutrophils
NSG 530 Exam 2 Advanced Pathophysiology-Wilkes Newest
2025/2026 Complete Questions And Correct Detailed Answers
(Verified Answers)|Brand New Version!!
lab findings of beta-thalassemia - CORRECT ANSWER=-low Hgb/HCT
-low MCV
-normal/elevated retic
-increased RBC
-smear - microcytic red cells, tear drops, microspherocytes, target cells, many
nucleated red cells
-major - minimal to no HbA elevated HbF and HBA2
-normal iron studies
alpha thalassemia - CORRECT ANSWER=Diseases in which there are
insuffiecient alpha-globin chains due to gene deletions
In an autosomal dominant disorder, mom is affected, father is unaffected. The
inheritance chance for offspring is:
a. Affected 50%, Unaffected 50%
b. Affected 25%, Unaffected 75%
c. Affected 75%, Unaffected 25%
d. Affected 100%, Unaffected 0% - CORRECT ANSWER=a
In an autosomal recessive disorder, mom is non-carrier, father is affected. The
offspring's chance of inheritance is:
a. Carrier 25%, Non-carrier 75%, Affected 0%
b. Carrier 25%, Non-carrier 25%, Affected 50%
,2|Page
c. Carrier 100%, Affected 0%
d. Carrier 75%, Non-carrier 25%, Affected 0% - CORRECT ANSWER=c
In an autosomal recessive disorder, mom is carrier, father is affected. The
offspring's chance of inheritance is:
a. Carrier 25%, Non-carrier 75%, Affected 0%
b. Carrier 25%, Non-carrier 25%, Affected 50%
c. Carrier 25%, Affected 75%
d. Carrier 50%, Affected 50% - CORRECT ANSWER=d
In an x-linked dominant disorder, mom is affected, father is unaffected. The
offspring's chance of inheritance is:
a. Carrier 25%, Non-carrier 75%, Affected 0%
b. Affected 50%, Non-affected 50%
c. Affected 75%, Non-affected 25%
d. None of the above - CORRECT ANSWER=B
In an x-linked dominant disorder, mom is affected, father is affected. The
offspring's chance of inheritance is:
a. Affected 25%, Non-affected 25%
b. Affected 50%, Non-affected 50%
c. Affected 100%, Non-affected 0%
d. Affected 75%, Non-affected 25% - CORRECT ANSWER=d
,3|Page
In an x-linked recessive disorder, mom is affected, father is non-carrier. The
offspring's chance of inheritance is:
a. Non-carrier 25%, Carrier 25%, Affected 50%
b. Non-carriers 0%, Carrier 50%, Affected 50%
c. Non-carrier 25%, Carrier 25%, Affected 50% - CORRECT ANSWER=b
A husband and wife are both carriers for phenylketonuria. What are the chances
they will conceive an offspring with that disease?
a) 0%
b) 25%
c) 50%
d) 75% - CORRECT ANSWER=B
lab findings of alpha thalassemia - CORRECT ANSWER=smear with
hypochromia, microcytosis, target cells, red cell fragments, basophilic stippling
transmission of hep A - CORRECT ANSWER=fecal-oral
spread via contaminated food and water
incubation 28 days (15 - 50)
symptoms of hep A - CORRECT ANSWER=-anorexia
-headache
-abdominal pain
-myalgia
, 4|Page
-jaundice
Which action is a purpose of the inflammatory process?
a. To provide specific responses toward antigens b. To lyse cell membranes of
microorganisms c. To prevent infection of the injured tissue d. To create immunity
against subsequent tissue injury - CORRECT ANSWER=C. If the epithelial
barrier is damaged, then a highly efficient local and systemic response
(inflammation) is mobilized to limit the extent of damage, to protect against
infection, and to initiate the repair of damaged tissue. The response to a specific
offending agent is the function of the adaptive immune response. Lysosomes lyse
cell membranes. Immunity against a subsequent tissue injury occurs through the
action of B cells and T cells.
What causes the edema that occurs during the inflammatory process? a.
Vasodilation of blood vessels b. Increased capillary permeability c. Endothelial cell
expansion d. Emigration of neutrophils - CORRECT ANSWER=B. The increased
flow and capillary permeability result in a leakage of plasma from the vessels,
causing swelling (edema) in the surrounding tissue and is solely responsible for
inflammation-induced edema. Vasodilation (increased size of the blood vessels)
causes slower blood velocity and increases blood flow to the injured site.
Endothelial cell contraction (not expansion) leads to increased capillary
permeability. Emigration of neutrophils to the area of infection/injury leads to
increased destruction of the offending agent.
What plasma protein system forms a fibrinous meshwork at an inflamed site? a.
Complement b. Coagulation c. Kinin d. Fibrinolysis - CORRECT ANSWER=B.
The coagulation (clotting) system is a group of plasma proteins that form a
fibrinous meshwork at an injured or inflamed site. This protein system (1) prevents
the spread of infection to adjacent tissues, (2) traps microorganisms and foreign
bodies at the site of inflammation for removal by infiltrating cells (e.g., neutrophils
