PGY 206 Exam 2 Updated Study Guide
Actual Questions and CORRECT Answers
The hypothalamic-pituitary-target organ axis is very important in the regulation of endocrine
hormone levels. Understanding this principle is essential to diagnosing many endocrine
diseases. A hypersecreting adrenocortical tumor would be expected to produce the following
plasma levels:
a. high cortisol, high aldosterone, high CRH and high ACTH
b. high cortisol, low aldosterone, high CRH and high ACTH
c. high cortisol, high aldosterone, low CRH and high ACTH
d. high cortisol, high aldosterone, low CRH and low ACTH
e. low cortisol, low aldosterone. low CRH and low ACTH - CORRECT ANSWER d.
high cortisol, high aldosterone ow CRH and low ACTH
If a synthetic hormone DONOTHING is given there is no obvious change in any physiology
function. Administration of hormone GETBIG causes major muscle growth. When both
compounds are given together, the muscle growth is markedly increased even more than with
GETBIG alone. This is an example of hormones exerting:
a. a synergistic effect
b. an additive effect
c. a permissive effect
d. an antagonistic effect - CORRECT ANSWER c. a permissive effect
For a hormone to exert an effect on any tissue the cells of that tissue must contain:
a. a specific receptor protein that recognizes and binds to the hormone
b. cells that secrete the hormone
c. the cAMP messenger system
d. ionic channels associated with the receptor protein - CORRECT ANSWER a. a
specific receptor protein that recognizes and binds to the hormone
which of the following chemicals is *not* found as a hormone?
,a. amines
b. polypeptides
c. proteins
d. steroids
e. glycoproteins
f. triglycerides - CORRECT ANSWER f. triglycerides
if the stalk of the pituitary is cut or destroyed in any way there can be lots of endocrine
related problems. which of these hormones would be most likely to ave normal plasma
levels?
a. cortisol
b. thyroxine
c. TSH
d. TRH
e. ADH - CORRECT ANSWER e. ADH
A tumor develops in the hypothalamus of a 3 year old child and produces excess GHRH
(growth hormone releasing hormone). You would expect symptoms of:
a. acromegaly
b. short stature
c. gigantism
d. excessive urination
e. rapid maturation of external gentialia - CORRECT ANSWER c. gigantism
oxytocin is:
a. synthesized in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary
b. released from the anterior pituitary
c. a steroid hormone produced by the mammary gland alveoli
d. a hypothalamic releasing hormone - CORRECT ANSWER a. synthesized in the
hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary
, The region of the adrenal gland that produces aldosterone is the:
a. zone glomerulosa
b. zone fasciulata
c. zone reticularis
d. adrenal medulla - CORRECT ANSWER a. zone glomerulosa
If a patient was retaining excessive amounts of sodium (and therefore water too), and plasma
potassium levels were dangerously low, but cortisol levels were normal, you would expect
this patient has:
a. a tumor in the hypothalamus producing too much CRH
b. a tumor in the pituitary overproducing ACTH
c. a tumor in the zone fasciculata
d. a tumor in the zone glomerulosa
e. a tumor in the adrenal medulla causing increased sympathetic drive - CORRECT
ANSWER d. a tumor in the zone glomerulosa
Which of the following is NOT a function of the parathyroid hormone?
a. increase plasma Ca++
b. stimulate kidney reabsorption of Ca++
c. stimulate intestinal absorption of Calcium
d. cause bone breakdown
e. decrease production of Vitamin D3 - CORRECT ANSWER e. decrease production
of Vitamin D3
Which of the following sarcomere dimensions gets shorter as muscle shortens?
a. a band width
b. distance between Z discs
c. M line width
d. thick filament length
Actual Questions and CORRECT Answers
The hypothalamic-pituitary-target organ axis is very important in the regulation of endocrine
hormone levels. Understanding this principle is essential to diagnosing many endocrine
diseases. A hypersecreting adrenocortical tumor would be expected to produce the following
plasma levels:
a. high cortisol, high aldosterone, high CRH and high ACTH
b. high cortisol, low aldosterone, high CRH and high ACTH
c. high cortisol, high aldosterone, low CRH and high ACTH
d. high cortisol, high aldosterone, low CRH and low ACTH
e. low cortisol, low aldosterone. low CRH and low ACTH - CORRECT ANSWER d.
high cortisol, high aldosterone ow CRH and low ACTH
If a synthetic hormone DONOTHING is given there is no obvious change in any physiology
function. Administration of hormone GETBIG causes major muscle growth. When both
compounds are given together, the muscle growth is markedly increased even more than with
GETBIG alone. This is an example of hormones exerting:
a. a synergistic effect
b. an additive effect
c. a permissive effect
d. an antagonistic effect - CORRECT ANSWER c. a permissive effect
For a hormone to exert an effect on any tissue the cells of that tissue must contain:
a. a specific receptor protein that recognizes and binds to the hormone
b. cells that secrete the hormone
c. the cAMP messenger system
d. ionic channels associated with the receptor protein - CORRECT ANSWER a. a
specific receptor protein that recognizes and binds to the hormone
which of the following chemicals is *not* found as a hormone?
,a. amines
b. polypeptides
c. proteins
d. steroids
e. glycoproteins
f. triglycerides - CORRECT ANSWER f. triglycerides
if the stalk of the pituitary is cut or destroyed in any way there can be lots of endocrine
related problems. which of these hormones would be most likely to ave normal plasma
levels?
a. cortisol
b. thyroxine
c. TSH
d. TRH
e. ADH - CORRECT ANSWER e. ADH
A tumor develops in the hypothalamus of a 3 year old child and produces excess GHRH
(growth hormone releasing hormone). You would expect symptoms of:
a. acromegaly
b. short stature
c. gigantism
d. excessive urination
e. rapid maturation of external gentialia - CORRECT ANSWER c. gigantism
oxytocin is:
a. synthesized in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary
b. released from the anterior pituitary
c. a steroid hormone produced by the mammary gland alveoli
d. a hypothalamic releasing hormone - CORRECT ANSWER a. synthesized in the
hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary
, The region of the adrenal gland that produces aldosterone is the:
a. zone glomerulosa
b. zone fasciulata
c. zone reticularis
d. adrenal medulla - CORRECT ANSWER a. zone glomerulosa
If a patient was retaining excessive amounts of sodium (and therefore water too), and plasma
potassium levels were dangerously low, but cortisol levels were normal, you would expect
this patient has:
a. a tumor in the hypothalamus producing too much CRH
b. a tumor in the pituitary overproducing ACTH
c. a tumor in the zone fasciculata
d. a tumor in the zone glomerulosa
e. a tumor in the adrenal medulla causing increased sympathetic drive - CORRECT
ANSWER d. a tumor in the zone glomerulosa
Which of the following is NOT a function of the parathyroid hormone?
a. increase plasma Ca++
b. stimulate kidney reabsorption of Ca++
c. stimulate intestinal absorption of Calcium
d. cause bone breakdown
e. decrease production of Vitamin D3 - CORRECT ANSWER e. decrease production
of Vitamin D3
Which of the following sarcomere dimensions gets shorter as muscle shortens?
a. a band width
b. distance between Z discs
c. M line width
d. thick filament length
