BIO202 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
(STRAIGHTERLINE A&P II) QUESTION AND
ANSWERS 2025-2026
Viscosity of Blood? CORRECT ANSWER twice as thick as water
How long does it take for a drop of blood to circulate through the entire system? CORRECT
ANSWER 20- 60 seconds
What is the composition of Blood CORRECT ANSWER 55% plasma, 45% formed elements,
What are the fucntions of blood? CORRECT ANSWER -
Moves regulatory and processed molecules, gasses, waste, and nutrients
-Regulats pH and osmosis process
-Maintain body temperature
-Protect against foreign substances
-Assist in clotting
What is the composition of plasma? CORRECT ANSWER
91% water 7% proteins
2% other solutes
What proteins are found in blood plasma? CORRECT ANSWER albumin, globulins, fibrinogen
What solutes are found in blood plasma? CORRECT
ANSWER Ions, nutrients, waste products, gasses,
regulatory substances
What are two blood disorders CORRECT ANSWER Anemia and sickle-cell disease
What is sickle-cell disease? CORRECT ANSWER
an abnormal red blood cell that has a crescent shape and an abnormal form of hemoglobin
, What is anemia? CORRECT ANSWER a decrease in the oxygen-carrying ability of the blood
How much blood does the heart pump per minute? CORRECT ANSWER ~5 1/4 Quarts per
minute
What are action potentials? CORRECT ANSWER
Sequence of electrical changes when a nerve membrane receives a stimulus that exceeds a threshold
What is depolarization? CORRECT ANSWER Loss of an electrical charge on the surface of a
membrane
What is Repolarization? CORRECT ANSWER Gain of electrical charge on the surface of a
membrane
What are the functions of the heart? CORRECT ANSWER
generating blood pressure, routing blood, ensuring one-way blood flow, regulating blood supply
What are the two divisions of the heart? CORRECT ANSWER Pulmonary Circuit and Systemic
Circuit
What are the components of the heart? CORRECT ANSWER Pericardium, Heart Wall,
Chambers, Valves
What is the pericardium? CORRECT ANSWER Double-
walled sac that surrounds the heart and reduces friction between pericardial membranes
What is the heart wall? CORRECT ANSWER Three protective layers of tissue
What to chambers of the heart do? CORRECT ANSWER Receive and return blood from and to
the body
What is the purpose of heart valves? CORRECT ANSWER prevent back flow of blood, ensure
one- directional
(STRAIGHTERLINE A&P II) QUESTION AND
ANSWERS 2025-2026
Viscosity of Blood? CORRECT ANSWER twice as thick as water
How long does it take for a drop of blood to circulate through the entire system? CORRECT
ANSWER 20- 60 seconds
What is the composition of Blood CORRECT ANSWER 55% plasma, 45% formed elements,
What are the fucntions of blood? CORRECT ANSWER -
Moves regulatory and processed molecules, gasses, waste, and nutrients
-Regulats pH and osmosis process
-Maintain body temperature
-Protect against foreign substances
-Assist in clotting
What is the composition of plasma? CORRECT ANSWER
91% water 7% proteins
2% other solutes
What proteins are found in blood plasma? CORRECT ANSWER albumin, globulins, fibrinogen
What solutes are found in blood plasma? CORRECT
ANSWER Ions, nutrients, waste products, gasses,
regulatory substances
What are two blood disorders CORRECT ANSWER Anemia and sickle-cell disease
What is sickle-cell disease? CORRECT ANSWER
an abnormal red blood cell that has a crescent shape and an abnormal form of hemoglobin
, What is anemia? CORRECT ANSWER a decrease in the oxygen-carrying ability of the blood
How much blood does the heart pump per minute? CORRECT ANSWER ~5 1/4 Quarts per
minute
What are action potentials? CORRECT ANSWER
Sequence of electrical changes when a nerve membrane receives a stimulus that exceeds a threshold
What is depolarization? CORRECT ANSWER Loss of an electrical charge on the surface of a
membrane
What is Repolarization? CORRECT ANSWER Gain of electrical charge on the surface of a
membrane
What are the functions of the heart? CORRECT ANSWER
generating blood pressure, routing blood, ensuring one-way blood flow, regulating blood supply
What are the two divisions of the heart? CORRECT ANSWER Pulmonary Circuit and Systemic
Circuit
What are the components of the heart? CORRECT ANSWER Pericardium, Heart Wall,
Chambers, Valves
What is the pericardium? CORRECT ANSWER Double-
walled sac that surrounds the heart and reduces friction between pericardial membranes
What is the heart wall? CORRECT ANSWER Three protective layers of tissue
What to chambers of the heart do? CORRECT ANSWER Receive and return blood from and to
the body
What is the purpose of heart valves? CORRECT ANSWER prevent back flow of blood, ensure
one- directional
