NSPN 7150 Final Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
What |was |a |common |practice |before |the |introduction |of |artificial |milk? |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-Wet |nurses
In |2018, |___% |of |Canadian |women |initiated |breastfeeding |at |birth, |but |close |to |___% |of |these
|women |stopped |breastfeeding |before |their |infant |was |one |month |old. |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-92%, |25%
According |to |the |WHO, |exclusive |breastfeeding |is |recommended |for |_____ |months |of |age, |
with |continued |breastfeeding |along |with |appropriate |complementary |foods |up |to |_____ |years |
of |age |or |beyond |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Six |months, |two |years.
in |2018, |____% |of |mothers |in |Canada |breastfed |exclusively |for |six |months |or |more. |- |CORRECT
|ANSWER✔✔-38%
List |6 |maternal |benefits |of |breastfeeding |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |enhance |the |normal |
postpartum |state |(breastfeeding |releases |oxytocin, |promoting |uterine |involution)
- |quicker |physical |recovery, |faster |return |to |pre-pregnancy |weight
- |lactational |amenorrhea |(natural |birth |control) |-> |less |iron |loss, |less |pregnancy |risk |due |to |
suppression |of |fertility |hormones
- |protects |against |postpartum |depression |(oxytocin |release |decreases |stress |and |enhances |
mothering |behaviours)
- |improves |long |term |health |(protective |effect |against |breast |and |ovarian |cancer, |T2D, |
postnatal |depression)
- |improves |food |security |(safe |and |always |available |source |of |nutrition |for |infant)
,List |7 |infant |benefits |of |breastfeeding |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |Ideal |nutrition |for |growth
- |Optimal |brain |development |and |learning |potential |
- |Reduces |impact |of |infections |(the |four |main |causes |of |illness |(respiratory |infections, |
diarrhoeal |disease, |atopic |disease, |and |other |infections |such |as |UTI |and |pyrexia) |are |lower |in |
breastfed |children. |It |may |also |protect |against |acute |otitis |media |in |the |first |2 |years |of |life.)
- |provides |special |protection |for |premature |infants |(abundance |of |IgA, |protecting |against |
necrotizing |enterocolitis)
- |reduces |hospital |readmission |rates |among |infants |(3.6% |breastfed |vs. |80% |artificially |fed |for |
infectious |diseases |(resp |and |GI))
- |improves |emotional |well-being |(builds |bond |between |mother |and |infant, |reduces |pain |
perception, |cholecystokinin |release |during |feeds |induces |relaxation |and |pain |relief, |human |
milk |sweetness |releases |opioids |in |infant's |midbrain |for |further |pain |relief)
- |protects |against |SIDS |and |various |diseases |(asthma, |obesity, |T1D, |Crohn's, |ulcerative |colitis, |
lymphoma, |allergies)
List |3 |family |and |societal |benefits |to |breastfeeding |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |Cost-effective |
(powder |formula |costs |$1140 |per |year, |and |ready-to-use |formula |costs |$3780, |plus |the |cost |of
|bottles |and |nipples)
- |Reduces |mortality |rates |and |health |care |costs |(the |cost |of |NOT |breastfeeding: |595379 |
preventable |deaths, |with |economic |losses |estimated |to |be |between |257-341 |billion |USD)
- |Protects |the |environment |(no |contamination, |packaging, |or |associated |waste)
Human |milk |substitute |can |increase |risk |of |infection |through... |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
chemical |contamination |due |to |increased |handling |and |processing, |occasionally |causing |recalls
|and |safety |alerts
True |or |false: |human |milk |substitute |increases |the |risk |of |increased |crying |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-false
,21 |dangers |of |infant |formula |(for |both |the |child |and |the |mother) |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-For |
the |child: |when |feeding |an |infant |formula, |they |are |at |an |increased |risk |of |having |asthma, |
allergies, |ear |infections, |high |blood |pressure |and |heart |disease, |respiratory |infections, |lower |
IQ |and |cognitive |development, |obesity, |iron-deficiency |anemia, |SIDS, |diabetes, |digestive |
problems, |childhood |cancers, |exposure |to |environmental |contaminants, |sleep |apnea, |and |
dental |problems |and |malocclusions
For |the |mother: |when |the |mother |doesn't |breastfeed, |she |is |at |an |increased |risk |of |
developing |diabetes, |overweight |and |obesity, |osteoporosis, |breast |cancer, |ovarian |cancer, |and |
uterine |cancer, |hypertension |and |cardiovascular |disease, |and |reduced |child |spacing
Health |Canada, |Dietitians |of |Canada, |and |the |Canadian |Paediatric |Society |recommend |only |
______________________________ |for |infants |who |are |not |being |breastfed |or |receiving |
human |milk |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-commercial |infant |formula
A |healthy |woman |is |more |likely |to |breastfeed |because... |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-she |has |skills
|to |promote |health
True |or |false: |cultural |beliefs |and |norms |play |a |significant |role |in |a |woman's |decision |to |
breastfeed |and |continue |to |breastfeed |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-True
One |of |the |main |reasons |given |for |stopping |breastfeeding |is: |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-"not |
enough |breast |milk" |
44% |of |women |surveyed |felt |that |they |had |insufficient |breast |milk, |18% |reported |that |they |
had |difficulty |with |breastfeeding |technique, |and |9% |reported |a |medical |condition |of |the |
mother |or |infant.
List |11 |of |today's |issues |contributing |to |breastfeeding |difficulties |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
Aggressive |global |marketing |of |artificial |feeding
, Health |care |practices |(hospitals |that |are |not |baby-friendly, |such |as |routine |separation |of |
mothers |and |infants, |well-baby |nurseries, |health |care |providers' |lack |of |knowledge, |and |lack |
of |follow-up |support)
Lack |of |knowledge |about |breastfeeding |techniques
Unnecessary |supplementation
Bundling/swaddling |infants
Lack |of |breastfeeding |role |models
Lack |of |family |support
Breastfeeding |challenges |(sore |nipples, |low |supply)
Cultural |and |societal |biases
Employment |policies
Encouraging |mothers |to |believe |that |the |experts |know |best
Name |a |social/health |care |practice |that |does |not |contribute |to |breastfeeding |difficulties: |- |
CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-NICUs
List |15 |strategies |to |support |breastfeeding |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Mother-to |mother |support
|groups, |peer |support |programs, |social |network |sites, |breastfeeding |as |the |cultural |norm, |
individual |and |family |support, |prenatal |education, |printed |and |audiovisual |educational |
materials |to |support |one-to-one |education, |access |to |professional |support |in |hospital |and |
community, |improved |practices |in |health |care |facilities, |public |awareness |promotion, |
legislative |marketing |practices, |the |WHO |code |of |marketing, |adequate |maternity |benefits, |
support |for |breastfeeding |in |the |workplace, |human |rights |legislation |to |protect |working |
women
Are |print |and |audiovisual |educational |materials |effective |on |their |own? |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-No, |but |they |are |used |to |support |one-on-one |education
HCPs |that |take |a |neutral |view |of |breastfeeding |are |perceived |by |mothers |as |having |a |
preference |for... |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-bottle |feeding
Correct Answers
What |was |a |common |practice |before |the |introduction |of |artificial |milk? |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-Wet |nurses
In |2018, |___% |of |Canadian |women |initiated |breastfeeding |at |birth, |but |close |to |___% |of |these
|women |stopped |breastfeeding |before |their |infant |was |one |month |old. |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-92%, |25%
According |to |the |WHO, |exclusive |breastfeeding |is |recommended |for |_____ |months |of |age, |
with |continued |breastfeeding |along |with |appropriate |complementary |foods |up |to |_____ |years |
of |age |or |beyond |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Six |months, |two |years.
in |2018, |____% |of |mothers |in |Canada |breastfed |exclusively |for |six |months |or |more. |- |CORRECT
|ANSWER✔✔-38%
List |6 |maternal |benefits |of |breastfeeding |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |enhance |the |normal |
postpartum |state |(breastfeeding |releases |oxytocin, |promoting |uterine |involution)
- |quicker |physical |recovery, |faster |return |to |pre-pregnancy |weight
- |lactational |amenorrhea |(natural |birth |control) |-> |less |iron |loss, |less |pregnancy |risk |due |to |
suppression |of |fertility |hormones
- |protects |against |postpartum |depression |(oxytocin |release |decreases |stress |and |enhances |
mothering |behaviours)
- |improves |long |term |health |(protective |effect |against |breast |and |ovarian |cancer, |T2D, |
postnatal |depression)
- |improves |food |security |(safe |and |always |available |source |of |nutrition |for |infant)
,List |7 |infant |benefits |of |breastfeeding |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |Ideal |nutrition |for |growth
- |Optimal |brain |development |and |learning |potential |
- |Reduces |impact |of |infections |(the |four |main |causes |of |illness |(respiratory |infections, |
diarrhoeal |disease, |atopic |disease, |and |other |infections |such |as |UTI |and |pyrexia) |are |lower |in |
breastfed |children. |It |may |also |protect |against |acute |otitis |media |in |the |first |2 |years |of |life.)
- |provides |special |protection |for |premature |infants |(abundance |of |IgA, |protecting |against |
necrotizing |enterocolitis)
- |reduces |hospital |readmission |rates |among |infants |(3.6% |breastfed |vs. |80% |artificially |fed |for |
infectious |diseases |(resp |and |GI))
- |improves |emotional |well-being |(builds |bond |between |mother |and |infant, |reduces |pain |
perception, |cholecystokinin |release |during |feeds |induces |relaxation |and |pain |relief, |human |
milk |sweetness |releases |opioids |in |infant's |midbrain |for |further |pain |relief)
- |protects |against |SIDS |and |various |diseases |(asthma, |obesity, |T1D, |Crohn's, |ulcerative |colitis, |
lymphoma, |allergies)
List |3 |family |and |societal |benefits |to |breastfeeding |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |Cost-effective |
(powder |formula |costs |$1140 |per |year, |and |ready-to-use |formula |costs |$3780, |plus |the |cost |of
|bottles |and |nipples)
- |Reduces |mortality |rates |and |health |care |costs |(the |cost |of |NOT |breastfeeding: |595379 |
preventable |deaths, |with |economic |losses |estimated |to |be |between |257-341 |billion |USD)
- |Protects |the |environment |(no |contamination, |packaging, |or |associated |waste)
Human |milk |substitute |can |increase |risk |of |infection |through... |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
chemical |contamination |due |to |increased |handling |and |processing, |occasionally |causing |recalls
|and |safety |alerts
True |or |false: |human |milk |substitute |increases |the |risk |of |increased |crying |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-false
,21 |dangers |of |infant |formula |(for |both |the |child |and |the |mother) |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-For |
the |child: |when |feeding |an |infant |formula, |they |are |at |an |increased |risk |of |having |asthma, |
allergies, |ear |infections, |high |blood |pressure |and |heart |disease, |respiratory |infections, |lower |
IQ |and |cognitive |development, |obesity, |iron-deficiency |anemia, |SIDS, |diabetes, |digestive |
problems, |childhood |cancers, |exposure |to |environmental |contaminants, |sleep |apnea, |and |
dental |problems |and |malocclusions
For |the |mother: |when |the |mother |doesn't |breastfeed, |she |is |at |an |increased |risk |of |
developing |diabetes, |overweight |and |obesity, |osteoporosis, |breast |cancer, |ovarian |cancer, |and |
uterine |cancer, |hypertension |and |cardiovascular |disease, |and |reduced |child |spacing
Health |Canada, |Dietitians |of |Canada, |and |the |Canadian |Paediatric |Society |recommend |only |
______________________________ |for |infants |who |are |not |being |breastfed |or |receiving |
human |milk |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-commercial |infant |formula
A |healthy |woman |is |more |likely |to |breastfeed |because... |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-she |has |skills
|to |promote |health
True |or |false: |cultural |beliefs |and |norms |play |a |significant |role |in |a |woman's |decision |to |
breastfeed |and |continue |to |breastfeed |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-True
One |of |the |main |reasons |given |for |stopping |breastfeeding |is: |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-"not |
enough |breast |milk" |
44% |of |women |surveyed |felt |that |they |had |insufficient |breast |milk, |18% |reported |that |they |
had |difficulty |with |breastfeeding |technique, |and |9% |reported |a |medical |condition |of |the |
mother |or |infant.
List |11 |of |today's |issues |contributing |to |breastfeeding |difficulties |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
Aggressive |global |marketing |of |artificial |feeding
, Health |care |practices |(hospitals |that |are |not |baby-friendly, |such |as |routine |separation |of |
mothers |and |infants, |well-baby |nurseries, |health |care |providers' |lack |of |knowledge, |and |lack |
of |follow-up |support)
Lack |of |knowledge |about |breastfeeding |techniques
Unnecessary |supplementation
Bundling/swaddling |infants
Lack |of |breastfeeding |role |models
Lack |of |family |support
Breastfeeding |challenges |(sore |nipples, |low |supply)
Cultural |and |societal |biases
Employment |policies
Encouraging |mothers |to |believe |that |the |experts |know |best
Name |a |social/health |care |practice |that |does |not |contribute |to |breastfeeding |difficulties: |- |
CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-NICUs
List |15 |strategies |to |support |breastfeeding |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Mother-to |mother |support
|groups, |peer |support |programs, |social |network |sites, |breastfeeding |as |the |cultural |norm, |
individual |and |family |support, |prenatal |education, |printed |and |audiovisual |educational |
materials |to |support |one-to-one |education, |access |to |professional |support |in |hospital |and |
community, |improved |practices |in |health |care |facilities, |public |awareness |promotion, |
legislative |marketing |practices, |the |WHO |code |of |marketing, |adequate |maternity |benefits, |
support |for |breastfeeding |in |the |workplace, |human |rights |legislation |to |protect |working |
women
Are |print |and |audiovisual |educational |materials |effective |on |their |own? |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-No, |but |they |are |used |to |support |one-on-one |education
HCPs |that |take |a |neutral |view |of |breastfeeding |are |perceived |by |mothers |as |having |a |
preference |for... |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-bottle |feeding
