Antihypertensive
1.
2.
Drugs
Hydrochlorothiazide Class: Diuretic (Thiazide)
Metolazone Class: Diuretic (Thiazide)
3. Furosemide Class: Diuretic (Loop)
4. Torsemide: Diuretic (Loop)
5. Triamterene: Diuretic (K+)
6. Amiloride: Diuretic (K+)
7. Spironolactone: Diuretic (K+)
8. Thiazide Diuretics:: Hydrochlorothiazide, Metolazone
9. Loop Diuretics:: Furosemide, Torsemide
10. Potassium Diuretics:: Triamterene, Amiloride, Spironolactone
11. Captopril Class: ACE Inhibitor
12. Enalapril Class: ACE Inhibitor
13. ACE Inhibitors: Captopril, Enalapril
14. Losartan Class: Angiotensin Receptor Blocker
15. Angiotensin Receptor Blocker: Losaratan
16. Aliskiren Class: Renin Inhibitor
17. Renin Inhibitor: Aliskiren
18. Nifedipine Class: Calcium Channel Blocker
19. Verapamil Class: Calcium Channel Blocker
20. Diltiazem Class: Calcium Channel Blocker
21. Calcium Channel Blockers: Nifedipine, Verapamil, Dilitiazem
22. Hydralazine Class: Direct Vasodilator
23. Minoxidil Class: Direct Vasodilator
24. Sodium Nitroprusside Class: Direct Vasodilator
25. Direct Vasodilators: Hydralazine, Minoxidil, Sodium Nitroprusside
, 26. Metoprolol Class: Sympatholytic
27. Prazosin Class: Sympatholytic
28. Clonidine Class: Sympatholytic
29. Sympatholytic Drugs: Metoprolol, Prasozin, Clonidine
30. Thiazides act in the _____: Distal convoluted tubule
31. Potassium-sparing diuretics act in the ______: cortical collecting
tubule
32. Loop diuretics act in the ______: thick ascending limb
33. ____% of sodium is resorbed in the thick ascending limb of loop of henle: 20-25%
34. _____% of sodium is resorbed in the distal convoluted tubule: 5
35. _____% of filtered Na+ is resorbed in the late distal tubule and collecting duct: 1-2
36. The thick ascending limb of loop of hence is site of active sodium resorption via ______: Na/K/2Cl symporter
37. The distal convoluted tubule is the site of sodium resorption via ______: Na/Cl symporter
38. The late distal tubule and collecting duct absorbs sodium via _____: renal specific sodium channels
39. K+ and H+ are actively secreted in _____: late distal tubule and collecting duct
40. ______ in the medullary interstitium drives reabsorption of water and concentration of the urine: Hypertonicity
41. Drugs that reduce active reabsorption of sodium, decrease hypertonicity and reduce reabsorption of water. They cause
_____ and _______: natriuresis, diuresis
42. ______ are the most powerful: loop diuretics
43. Anything that increases delivery of Na+ to distal tubule will increase K+ excretion-_________ often cause hypokalemia:
non-potassium sparing (loop and thiazide diuretics)
1.
2.
Drugs
Hydrochlorothiazide Class: Diuretic (Thiazide)
Metolazone Class: Diuretic (Thiazide)
3. Furosemide Class: Diuretic (Loop)
4. Torsemide: Diuretic (Loop)
5. Triamterene: Diuretic (K+)
6. Amiloride: Diuretic (K+)
7. Spironolactone: Diuretic (K+)
8. Thiazide Diuretics:: Hydrochlorothiazide, Metolazone
9. Loop Diuretics:: Furosemide, Torsemide
10. Potassium Diuretics:: Triamterene, Amiloride, Spironolactone
11. Captopril Class: ACE Inhibitor
12. Enalapril Class: ACE Inhibitor
13. ACE Inhibitors: Captopril, Enalapril
14. Losartan Class: Angiotensin Receptor Blocker
15. Angiotensin Receptor Blocker: Losaratan
16. Aliskiren Class: Renin Inhibitor
17. Renin Inhibitor: Aliskiren
18. Nifedipine Class: Calcium Channel Blocker
19. Verapamil Class: Calcium Channel Blocker
20. Diltiazem Class: Calcium Channel Blocker
21. Calcium Channel Blockers: Nifedipine, Verapamil, Dilitiazem
22. Hydralazine Class: Direct Vasodilator
23. Minoxidil Class: Direct Vasodilator
24. Sodium Nitroprusside Class: Direct Vasodilator
25. Direct Vasodilators: Hydralazine, Minoxidil, Sodium Nitroprusside
, 26. Metoprolol Class: Sympatholytic
27. Prazosin Class: Sympatholytic
28. Clonidine Class: Sympatholytic
29. Sympatholytic Drugs: Metoprolol, Prasozin, Clonidine
30. Thiazides act in the _____: Distal convoluted tubule
31. Potassium-sparing diuretics act in the ______: cortical collecting
tubule
32. Loop diuretics act in the ______: thick ascending limb
33. ____% of sodium is resorbed in the thick ascending limb of loop of henle: 20-25%
34. _____% of sodium is resorbed in the distal convoluted tubule: 5
35. _____% of filtered Na+ is resorbed in the late distal tubule and collecting duct: 1-2
36. The thick ascending limb of loop of hence is site of active sodium resorption via ______: Na/K/2Cl symporter
37. The distal convoluted tubule is the site of sodium resorption via ______: Na/Cl symporter
38. The late distal tubule and collecting duct absorbs sodium via _____: renal specific sodium channels
39. K+ and H+ are actively secreted in _____: late distal tubule and collecting duct
40. ______ in the medullary interstitium drives reabsorption of water and concentration of the urine: Hypertonicity
41. Drugs that reduce active reabsorption of sodium, decrease hypertonicity and reduce reabsorption of water. They cause
_____ and _______: natriuresis, diuresis
42. ______ are the most powerful: loop diuretics
43. Anything that increases delivery of Na+ to distal tubule will increase K+ excretion-_________ often cause hypokalemia:
non-potassium sparing (loop and thiazide diuretics)
