NSG 532 Advanced Physiology
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Homeostasis - Answer✅✅process by which variables are regulated so that internal
conditions remain stable
Criteria for living things - Answer✅✅1) DNA
2) Cellular organelles to process life information into structural and functional
proteins
3) Cellular organelles to generate energy for life activities
4 most important biomolecules in life - Answer✅✅DNA, RNA, proteins, and ATP
Glycolysis - Answer✅✅The breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing 2 ATP and
pyruvic acid. Happens in the cytoplasm. Anaerobic cellular respiratoin.
Krebs Cycle - Answer✅✅Pyruvic acid is oxidized to acetyl-CoA 2. Further energy
extracted to form NADH, FADH2, and 2 ATP. Electrons are passed to the ETC.
Happens in the matrix of the mitochondria. Aerobic cellular respiration.
, Oxidative Phosphorylation (ETC) - Answer✅✅Formation of 34 ATP from the flow of
electrons across the inner membrane of the mitochondria to bind with oxygen.
Aerobic cellular respiration.
Exergonic reactions - Answer✅✅Biopolymers (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids)
break down into biomonomers (amino acids, glucose, fatty acids) to generate ATP
Endergonic reactions - Answer✅✅Biomonomers (amino acids, glucose, fatty acids)
use ATP to combine and form biopolymers.
Metabolism - Answer✅✅Combination of exergonic and endergonic reactions.
Dysbiosis - Answer✅✅An abnormal change in the microbiome potentially causing
inflammation and cancer
Viruses - Answer✅✅Have only one source of life information (DNA or RNA) and
lack organelles to express information and generate energy.
Prokaryotes - Answer✅✅Lack nuclear membrane and membrane-bound organelles.
Can be aerobic or anaerobic. Ex: bacteria, archaea.
Eukaryotes - Answer✅✅Contain nuclear membrane and membrane-bound
organelles. Most aerobic. Ex: plants, animals
Stem cells - Answer✅✅Undifferentiated cells with two characteristics: potency and
self-renewal.
Stem cell potency - Answer✅✅Totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent, unipotent,
specialized cell
Nucleus - Answer✅✅Contains DNA, proteins, and nucleolus. Controls hereditary
traits by directing protein synthesis and cell division.
Nucleolus - Answer✅✅Found within the nucleus. Composed of RNA and proteins.
Primarily assembles ribosomes. Also senses cellular stress and generates signal
recognition particles.
Ribosomes - Answer✅✅Composed of rRNA and specific proteins. Decode
information contained in mRNA and use amino acids to produce proteins. Composed
of large and small subunits with A, P, and E tRNA binding sites.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - Answer✅✅Covered in ribosomes, site of protein
synthesis. Also involved in the produced of antibodies, insulin, and transport of
proteins into the smooth ER. Connected to nucleus.
Exam 1| Verified Exam Questions
with 100% Correct Clear Verified
Answers| All Graded A+|Latest
Premium Update|100%
Guaranteed Success.
Homeostasis - Answer✅✅process by which variables are regulated so that internal
conditions remain stable
Criteria for living things - Answer✅✅1) DNA
2) Cellular organelles to process life information into structural and functional
proteins
3) Cellular organelles to generate energy for life activities
4 most important biomolecules in life - Answer✅✅DNA, RNA, proteins, and ATP
Glycolysis - Answer✅✅The breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing 2 ATP and
pyruvic acid. Happens in the cytoplasm. Anaerobic cellular respiratoin.
Krebs Cycle - Answer✅✅Pyruvic acid is oxidized to acetyl-CoA 2. Further energy
extracted to form NADH, FADH2, and 2 ATP. Electrons are passed to the ETC.
Happens in the matrix of the mitochondria. Aerobic cellular respiration.
, Oxidative Phosphorylation (ETC) - Answer✅✅Formation of 34 ATP from the flow of
electrons across the inner membrane of the mitochondria to bind with oxygen.
Aerobic cellular respiration.
Exergonic reactions - Answer✅✅Biopolymers (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids)
break down into biomonomers (amino acids, glucose, fatty acids) to generate ATP
Endergonic reactions - Answer✅✅Biomonomers (amino acids, glucose, fatty acids)
use ATP to combine and form biopolymers.
Metabolism - Answer✅✅Combination of exergonic and endergonic reactions.
Dysbiosis - Answer✅✅An abnormal change in the microbiome potentially causing
inflammation and cancer
Viruses - Answer✅✅Have only one source of life information (DNA or RNA) and
lack organelles to express information and generate energy.
Prokaryotes - Answer✅✅Lack nuclear membrane and membrane-bound organelles.
Can be aerobic or anaerobic. Ex: bacteria, archaea.
Eukaryotes - Answer✅✅Contain nuclear membrane and membrane-bound
organelles. Most aerobic. Ex: plants, animals
Stem cells - Answer✅✅Undifferentiated cells with two characteristics: potency and
self-renewal.
Stem cell potency - Answer✅✅Totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent, unipotent,
specialized cell
Nucleus - Answer✅✅Contains DNA, proteins, and nucleolus. Controls hereditary
traits by directing protein synthesis and cell division.
Nucleolus - Answer✅✅Found within the nucleus. Composed of RNA and proteins.
Primarily assembles ribosomes. Also senses cellular stress and generates signal
recognition particles.
Ribosomes - Answer✅✅Composed of rRNA and specific proteins. Decode
information contained in mRNA and use amino acids to produce proteins. Composed
of large and small subunits with A, P, and E tRNA binding sites.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - Answer✅✅Covered in ribosomes, site of protein
synthesis. Also involved in the produced of antibodies, insulin, and transport of
proteins into the smooth ER. Connected to nucleus.
