Criminology

CRIMINOLOGY: UNIT 1: AC 1.4QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED. Buy Quality Materials! Film: What fraction of films are crime? 1/5 What percentage represent crime? 50% List 4 types of crime in film: Murder Kidnapping Heists Robbery Extra: Identity theft, speeding How are victims represented? - They are ignored - Rarely mentioned again - Used as a prop How are the police represented? - Corrupt - Incompetent - Put other police to shame : one is better at their job than the othe...

CRIMINOLOGY UNIT 1 AC1.2QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED. Buy Quality Materials! Personal reason: Shame 1. They are ashamed of feeling weak - men would feel inferior (lose their masculinity). 2. They could still love their abuser. An example would be honour crime - Shafila Ahmed. Personal reason: Fear 1. Scared of repetition or for the outcome to result in death. 2. The victim's loved ones could be affected too. An example would be domestic abuse - Alex Skeel.

CRIMINOLOGY UNIT 1 AC1.1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED. Buy Quality Materials! Deviance Behavior that violates significant social norms Norms Behaviours that are considered acceptable Values Society's values, principles , standards Moral code A system of rules based on what we should and should not do white collar crime job-related crimes committed by high-status people Offences of white collar crime Embezzlement, fraud scamming Common offenders of WWC Business men, the go...

CRIMINOLOGY UNIT 1 AC1.1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED. Buy Quality Materials! White Collar An offence committed by a business of their employees in the place of work which is financially motived

What is the definition of deviance? Behavior different from society's norms- Unusual good, unusual bad and unusual eccentric/bizarre What is the definition of crime? A form of deviant behavior that involves serious, harmful acts that are wrong against society- so disruptive the state must intervene on behalf of society to forbid and punish by law What is the legal definition of crime? Any action forbidden by the criminal law Define actus Reus guilty act Define men's rea guilty min...

Criminal behavior Acts that break the rules, deemed to be illegal by the law- making powers of a society. Such acts result in punishment by the police or by a court. Values General principles of guidelines for how we should live our lives. Tell us what is right and wrong, good or bad. Norms Specific rules or socially accepted standards that govern people's behaviour in particular situations Moral Code A set of basic rules, values and principles held by an individual, group, organisatio...

Neoclassical Explanations Focus on rationality and free will in crime. Sociological Explanations Examine external forces affecting crime rates. The Age of Reason 17th-18th century shift to scientific understanding. Classical School First scientific approach to understanding crime. Cesare Beccaria Advocated for free will and rational choice. Pleasure Principle Behavior guided by maximizing pleasure, avoiding pain. Jeremy Bentham Philosopher advocating for proportional punishment. Po...

Actus reus Latin for guilty act Mens rea Latin for "guilty mind," used in court to prove criminal intent Explain the following sanctions for criminal behavior: - Cautions - Conditional caution - Penalty notices - Custodial sentences - Community sentences - Fines - Discharge - Combination order - Cautions: The criminal accepts the offence and agrees to be cautioned. - Conditional caution: The criminal agrees to conditions, e.g. receiving treatment for drug abuse. - Penalt...

What comes under biological theories? Genetic theories, Physiological theories What comes under Genetic theories? 'XYY' theory, twin study, adoption study What is the 'XYY' theory? A male having an extra Y chromosome also known as super males What did Jacob et AL (1965) suggest about XYY? Males with XYY chromosomes are more aggressive and thus more inclined to be more violent then males with a single Y chromosome What did Jacob et al (1965) find out about the prison populatio...

Sociology strong focus on environmental explanations for behaviors Criminal anthropology the study of crime and human physical attributes Franz Joseph Gull suggested a person's skull could predict their criminal tendencies, believed that parts or our personalities were found in places in our brains which would affect the shape and characteristic of our skulls Phrenology (Craniology) Gull's theory, suggested that by seeing or feeling a person's skull, we could have insight into th...