Athabasca University (AU ) • BIOL 235 HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

BIOL 235 FINAL EXAM NOTES: Cardiovascular System Overview_ Updated Latest 2025/26.

define the terms anatomy and physiology -Correct Answers -provide the basic understanding of the body parts and functions anatomy -Correct Answers -is the science of the body structures and the relationships around them dissection -Correct Answers -the careful cutting of the body structures to study their relationships physiology -Correct Answers -is the study of body functions-how the body parts work different levels of structural organization -Correct Answers -chemical, cellular, t...

Erythrocytes contain the enzyme -Correct Answers -carbonic anhydrase carbonic anhydrase catalyzes -Correct Answers -the conversion of metabolically produced C)2 and water into carbonic acid fixed phagocytic macrophages -Correct Answers -remove most old erythrocytes from circulation Location of fixed phagocytic macrophages -Correct Answers -narrow capillaries of the spleen Undifferentiated cells called pluripotent stem cells reside -Correct Answers -in the bone marrow pluripotent s...

Which of the following blood cell types normally compromises the highest percentage of the blood component labeled 2 in the figure? A) eosinophils B) monocytes C) lymphocytes D) neutrophils E) basophils -Correct Answers -D The process by which the formed elements of the blood develop is called A) hematospermia B) hemopoiesis C) thrombocytosis D) hemostasis E) polycythemia -Correct Answers -B The major functions of a red blood cell is A) nutrient transport B) cytokine stimulatio...

between the origin and insertion which is usually located proximally in limbs ? -Correct Answers -Origin What happens during REVERSE MUSCLE ACTION? -Correct Answers -specific movements of the body the actions are reversed THEREFOR the positions of the origin and insertion of a muscle are switched What is a mechanical advantage using the example of a lever? -Correct Answers -if the load is closer to the fulcrum and the effort is farther from the fulcrum only a small about of effort is neede...

define anatomy -Correct Answers -study of STRUCTURE and RELATIONSHIPS between body parts define physyiology -Correct Answers -the science of HOW body parts come together to FUNCTION and keep the body alive difference between homeostasis and equilibrium -Correct Answers -equilibrium is the equal movement of molecules homeostasis is maintained sometimes by unequal movement. it is what the body does in order to compensate for changes made due to loss of homeostasis. steps of simple con...

Detailed notes from the textbook.

The notes in the document are from the textbook. All the important and underlined aspects that may be tested on are covered in the notes.

This is a short sample document taken from the Human Anatomy and Physiology course notes to give an example of what the notes look like.

This is a detailed summary of the entire human anatomy and physiology course (29 chapters). The notes for the first few chapters are formatted as questions and answers, and the rest of the chapters are detailed notes with pictures. The entire course is outlined in these notes! They cover all organ systems of the human body in detail, as well as the structures and functions of cells and the basic building blocks of life. It also covers metabolism, acid-base fluid balance, developmental biology, a...