University of Toronto (U OF T )

Summarized notes for PSYB55 Fall 2022 CHapter 6 notes.

Summarized notes for PSYB55 Fall 2022 CHapter 6 notes.

Hemoglobin correct answer: Tetramer of two alpha and two beta polypeptide chains Contains heme Globin is a protein Which amino acid change is involved in sickle cell anemia? correct answer: Glu6Val A single amino acid change in the beta chain of hemoglobin causes sickle cell anemia HbS forms long polymers that change the shape of the RBC Where are hydrophobic and hydrophilic amino acids usually found in a protein? correct answer: Hydrophobic on the inside (non-polar interio...

Which ONE of the following amino acids may be linked covalently to an oligosaccharide via an O-glycosidic bond? A. Glc B. Tyr C. Thr D. Asp correct answer: C - Thr has an OH side chain Which ONE of the following statements is CORRECT regarding the role of thermodynamics in glycolysis? A. It is spontaneous in the forward direction due to the cleavage of glucose into 2 molecules. B. ATP is required as the pathways is unfavourable under standard conditions. C. Thermodynamically favourabl...

What is the formula for a monosaccharide? Use an example to describe how monosaccharides link to form disaccharides correct answer: (CH2O)*n, where n is the number of carbons and must be greater than 3 (e.g. glucose has 6 carbons, C6H12O6). Glucose and fructose are both monosaccharides, which link through a glycosidic bond to form sucrose, a disaccharide Name, classify and describe the two simplest monosaccharides (3 carbons) correct answer: Glyceraldehyde: Aldo-triose, aldehyde on one end ...

How does membrane formation occur? correct answer: decrease in ionic bond with water What are the main functions of the cell membrane? correct answer: - barrier regulating the import and export of essential molecules - Compartmentalization of specialized processes increases cellular efficiency. - modulates cell-cell recognition due to the presence of glycoproteins and glycolipids. - Signalling across the membrane is mediated by proteins and lipids. What is the fluid mosaic model? corr...

Direction of phospholipid movement in flippases? correct answer: Outer to inner leaflet Moves PE (neutral) and PS (-1) Direction of phospholipid movement in floppases? correct answer: Inner to outer leaflet Function of Scramblase correct answer: Increases membrane SYMMETRY Moves phospholipids down their conc gradient Result of adding crosslinkers into cell membrane for FRAP correct answer: Slows down diffusion of phospholipids; slower recovery rate Entropy of lipids [?] when ...

Classifications of proteins are based on.... correct answer: - position in the cell (membrane/soluble/extracellular) - function (transporter/enzyme/structural/hormone) - other molecules associated w/ it (glycoprotein - sugar, lipoprotein - lipid) A salt bridge is an....bond and is an example of a.....interaction correct answer: ionic, non-covalent Are salt bridges easier to break in biochem? Why? correct answer: - Yes- Interacting w/ surrounding solvent (water) Is an O bonded to a ...

What are some membrane properties? correct answer: - Composed of lipid bilayer that are impermeable to polar or charged molecules. - Hydrophobic effect drives membrane formation of amphipathic molecules - Membranes are asymmetric and composed of lipids and proteins - Membrane proteins play key roles in transport of molecules and transduction of info across the membrane What are essential membrane functions? correct answer: - Act as a barrier regulating import and export of essential mo...

proteins correct answer: polymers of amino acids linked in a linear chain by peptide/amide bonds (polypeptides) polysaccharides correct answer: polymers of sugars (mono-saccharides) linked in linear and branched chains by glycosidic bonds DNA correct answer: polymers of nucleotides linked in linear chains by phosphodiester bonds protein enzymes correct answer: Linkages (bonds) are formed/broken by _______? sickle cell anemia correct answer: a single amino acid change in hemoglob...