University of Oxford

All notes for exam on BIP 6 - sections include Parliamentary Reform ; Gender ; Religion and Changing Role of the Church; War (Crimean War; Boer War; The People's Budget; World War 1; World War 2; Appeasement; Spanish Civil War; Impacts etc); Class and Popular Culture; Politics through Parties; Welfare State and Social Policy;

Questions (and answers) on the Aeneid Books 1-4: 1. Aeneas as a character is known for his piety, both to the gods, his family and his fate. Pick three examples from the book that demonstrate his ‘pietas’. (6) 2. During the fall of Troy how does Aeneas receive divine help and why is this significant? (4) 3. Why is the scene in the citadel between Pyrrhus and Priam’s family so emotive? Make two points (4) 4. Why is it necessary that Creusa must die during the fall of Troy? (2) 5. What...

Language, vocab, and grammar notes to help with a commentary on Aeneid 12.845-68. Also has a summary of the individual lines. Useful for commentary/language practice.

Essay plan on the presentation of the Underworld in Virgil's Aeneid, and how this differs to other Classical presentations. Begins with a comparison of descriptions between Homeric models and the Virgilian model. Also discusses influences for the Virgilian mode, e.g. pre-existing theological ideas and Greek philosophical points. Also addresses issues of admission into the Underworld, e.g. in Aeneas and Palinurus.

Different paragraphs on Turnus, Aeneas, and both of them. Contains references to Aristotle as well as a basic foundation for the character of each hero.

Essay plan on the shield of Aeneas ekphrasis in Virgil's Aeneid. Includes general comments on ekphrasis as a literary technique, as well as influences from other classical texts such as the Iliad and Hesiod's poetry. Explores the description and its purpose, as well as Drew's argument (secondary literature).

Essay plan on the ending of the Aeneid Book 12. Mentions moments such as Jupiter weighing scales, Juno's withdrawal from battle, combat between Turnus and Aeneas. Strong basis for any endings/closures questions.

Essay plan, and a strong foundation for a real essay. Contains an introduction and conclusion, as well as paragraphs (and some extra, final scene references) on religious sacrifice, personal sacrifice, and human sacrifice. Mention of scenes such as Palinurus' death, Turnus' death, and funeral games.

Essay plan discussing whether the ending of the Aeneid is satisfactory or incomplete, and if this causes interpretative problems for the entire poem. Includes an introduction and conclusion, as well as paragraphs including the divine realm (e.g. Jupiter and scales scene), Turnus' death (moral and literary satisfaction).

Essay plan on the connection between the gods (specifically Jupiter) and fate throughout the Aeneid. Includes a definition of fate and discussion of stoicism. Points include references about Aeneas' fate, as well as the presentation of Jupiter as a catalyst for fate.