San Diego State University

Macrolides, chloramphenicols, lincosamides - Answer (Protein synthesis inhibitor) Binds large subunit, block transfer of peptides. Erythromycin, azithromycin Aminoglycosides - Answer (Protein synthesis inhibitor) Prevents 30s and 50s subunits from binding to each other. Streptomycin Tetracyclines - Answer (Protein synthesis inhibitor) Binds small subunit, blocks binding of aminoacyl-tRNA Penicillins - Answer (Cell wall synthesis inhibitor) • b-lactam and t...

infection cycle - Answer 1. direct contact 2. indirect contact -contact with fomites (organism capable of carrying infectious diseases) -horizontal transmission via vectors ex) mosquitos -- yellow fever and malaria ex) reservoir for disease organism... may not show disease symptoms though -mode of entry depends on pathogen (mucosal surfaces, wounds, insect bites) virulence factors (microbial toolkit) - Answer ~*virulence genes* -encode factors allowing pathogen to inva...

6 major groups of microbes - Answer 1. Prokaryotes - bacteria 2. Eukaryotes - algae 3. Viruses 4. Protists 5. Fungi 6. Archaea macrobes - Answer microbes that you can see with your eyes =animals, fungi, plants microbes - Answer -microbes are microscopic through most of their lifespan -can only be seen through a microscope observing microbes - Answer -human eye has limited resolution ~150um (1/7mm, 1/200inch) -microscope needed to see smaller objects ~...

The current state of civilization can be described in terms of problems of 'input' or problems of 'output'. Describe the main current concerns that we discussed in BIOL350associated with 'water' as a problem of 'input'. - Answer - Very little is easily accessible surface freshwater - Most is either dryland or frozen - Water shortage areas have poor sanitation - Use of water has increased dramatically with agriculture or industry - Being used quicker than it can ...

Biosafety Level 1 (BSL-1) - Answer Handling pathogens that do not cause disease in healthy humans; standard biological practices; no primary barriers required Biosafety Level 2 (BSL-2) - Answer Handling moderately hazardous agents (treatments and/or vaccines usually available), standard practices plus limited lab access, biohazard and sharps disposal, autoclave is available Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) - Answer Handling of indigenous or exotic agents with potential for aeros...

1) The current state of civilization can be described in terms of problems of 'input' or problems of 'output'. Describe the main current concerns associated with 'forests' as a problem of 'input', and describe the main reasons why forests have important value in terms of providing ecosystem services for humans. - Answer Problems of input: -Deforestation; clearing forests for agriculture, urban expansion, mining, over-harvesting for timber and paper production -in...

How many domains of life are there? - Answer 3: Bacteria; Archaea; Eukarya Smallest taxonomic rank is __________. - Answer strain (species) Largest taxonomic rank is __________. - Answer Domain How many kingdoms are microorganisms found in? - Answer 4 Genus and species are specific to _______ microorganism. - Answer one Sequence alignment for DNA - Answer referenced as a percent identity, higher the percent, higher the similarity between sequenc...

Contamination of drinking water with sewage - Answer Common source of infection with bacteria that cause gastroenteritis ex. heavy rain contaminates local beaches, break in sewage pipe contaminates drinking water Potable - Answer clean and drinkable The Most Probable Number (MPN) test - Answer - looks for presence of fecal coliforms such as E. coli in water sample - consists of the presumptive, confirmed, and completed tests Coliforms - Answer - gram negative r...

Which of the following factors is most likely to regulate population growth? - Answer disease A species whose mortality rate is highest early in life has a _____ survivorship curve. - Answer Type 3 A population that has a finite rate of increase (gamma) grater than zero is _____. - Answer Not enough information Which of the following is NOT expected to change with the age of individuals in a population? - Answer species identity A regular (uniform) distributio...

Prokaryotes - Answer An organism whose cell or cells lack a nucleus; includes both bacteria and archaea Bacteria - Answer one of the three domains of life, consisting of organisms with a last common ancestor not shared with members of arches or Eukarya. Organisms are prokaryotic (lacking nuclei, unlike eukaryotes) and possess ester- linked phospholipid membranes (unlike archaea) Archaea - Answer one of the three domains of life, consisting of organisms with a last common ...