Examsrevision

Chapter 6: Leukemia Chapter 7: Heart Failure Chapter 8: Failure to Thrive Chapter 9: Tonic-Clonic Seizures Chapter 10: Diabetes Mellitus Type 1

1. A 6-month-old infant presents to the clinic with failure to thrive, a history of frequent respiratory infections, and increasing exhaustion during feedings. On physical examination, a systolic murmur is detected, no central cyanosis, and chest radiography reveals cardiomegaly. An echocardiogram is done that shows left-to-right shunting. This assessment data is characteristic of what? a. Tetralogy of Fallot b. Coarctation of the aorta c. Pulmonary stenosis d. Ventricular septal defect A...

1. Which sign is the nurse most likely to assess in a child with hypoglycemia? a. Urine positive for ketones and serum glucose greater than 300 mg/dL b. Normal sensorium and serum glucose greater than 160 mg/dL c. Irritability and serum glucose less than 70 mg/dL d. Increased urination and serum glucose less than 120 mg/dL ANS: C Irritability and serum glucose less than 70 mg/dL are neuroglycopenic manifestations of hypoglycemia. Serum glucose greater than 300 mg/dL and urine positive...

1. What is the most appropriate nursing action when a child is in the tonic phase of a generalized tonic-clonic seizure? a. Guide the child to the floor if he is standing and go for help. b. Turn the childs body on his side. c. Place a padded tongue blade between the teeth. d. Quickly slip soft restraints on the childs wrists. ANS: B Positioning the child on his side will prevent aspiration. The child should be placed on a soft surface if he is not in bed; however, it would be inappro...

1. Which congenital heart disease causes cyanosis when not repaired? Select all that apply. a. Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) b. Tetralogy of Fallot c. Pulmonary atresia d. Transposition of the great arteries ANS: B, C, D Tetralogy of Fallot is a cyanotic lesion with decreased pulmonary blood flow. The hypoxia results in baseline oxygen saturations as low as 75% to 85%. Even with oxygen administration, saturations do not reach the normal range. Pulmonary atresia is a cyanotic lesion w...

1. Which statement made by a nurse to the parents of a child with leukemia should be included in discharge instructions? a. Your sons blood pressure must be taken daily while he is on chemotherapy. b. Limit your sons fluid intake just in case he has central nervous system (CNS) involvement. c. Your son must receive all of his immunizations in a timely manner. d. Your sons temperature should be taken daily. ANS: D An elevated temperature may be the only sign of an infection in an immun...

1. The practitioner changes the medications for the child with asthma to salmeterol (Serevent). The mother asks the nurse what this drug will do. The nurse explains that salmeterol (Serevent) is used to treat asthma because the drug produces which characteristic? 1. Decreases inflammation 2. Decreases mucous production 3. Controls allergic rhinitis 4. Dilates the bronchioles Correct Answer: 4 Rationale 1: Salmeterol (Serevent) is a long-acting beta2-agonist that acts by bronchodilating...

1. A child has a chronic cough and diffuse wheezing during the expiratory phase of respiration. This suggests what condition? a. Asthma b. Pneumonia c. Bronchiolitis d. these Foreign body in trachea ANS: A Asthma may have chronic signs and symptoms. Pneumonia appears with an acute onset, fever, and general malaise. Bronchiolitis is an acute condition caused by respiratory syncytial virus. Foreign body in the trachea occurs with acute respiratory distress or failure and maybe stridor. ...

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. What should the nurse include in a teaching plan for the parents of a child with vesicoureteral reflux? a. Screening for urinary tract infection (UTI) if febrile b. Suggestions for how to maintain fluid restrictions c. The use of bubble baths as an incentive to increase bath time d. The need for the child to hold urine for 6 to 8 hours ANS: A A child with vesicoureteral reflux is screened for a UTI if febrile. Fluids are not restricted when a child has vesicouret...

1. Which statement is most correct with regard to childhood musculoskeletal injuries? a. After the injury is iced, the swelling decreases, indicating the injury is not severe. b. The presence of localized tenderness indicates a more serious injury. c. The more swelling there is, the less severe the injury is. d. The less willing the child is to bear weight, the more serious the injury is. ANS: D An inability to bear weight on the affected extremity is indicative of a more serious inju...