BIO 182 Exam 2 Study Guide (ASU) | Evolution,
Enzymes & Phylogenetics
niche
range of environmental conditions in which a genotype can persist
abiotic
physical conditions
biotic
other organisms
which are the strongest bonds
covalent bonds
low temps
more flexible enzymes
high temps
more rigid enzymes
Do enzymes maintain a rigid structure while catalyzing?
No it is constantly changing
adaptive plasticity
one genotype has multiple phenotypes & environments trigger change
genetic drift
evolution caused by random processes in population in a population of finite size
Do smaller or larger populations have more chance for genetic drift?
Smaller populations
homology
phenotype that is similar between two species because of common ancestry
homoplasy
, phenotype that is similar between two species because of convergent evolution
parsimony
the simplest explanation is the best (fewest evolutionary transitions) A-->B-->C = common A--
>B-->A = uncommon
migration load
maintenance of deleterious alleles by migration
Which traits are more informative?
Shared derived traits (synapomorphy)
Which traits provide no information?
Shared ancestral traits (pleisiomorphy)
Which traits provide false info?
Convergent traits (homoplasy)
allopatry
populations occur in different places
sympatry
populations occur at the same place same time
plasticity
ability of one genotype to produce more than one phenotype when exposed to different
environments
Genetic drift can do what to neutral alleles
eliminate & spread
What random processes cause genetic drift?
-independent assortment of alleles
-random variation in survival
-random variation in mating success
-random variation in fecundity
Is fixation of a deleterious allele or the loss of a beneficial allele more probable?
Loss of a beneficial allele
Enzymes & Phylogenetics
niche
range of environmental conditions in which a genotype can persist
abiotic
physical conditions
biotic
other organisms
which are the strongest bonds
covalent bonds
low temps
more flexible enzymes
high temps
more rigid enzymes
Do enzymes maintain a rigid structure while catalyzing?
No it is constantly changing
adaptive plasticity
one genotype has multiple phenotypes & environments trigger change
genetic drift
evolution caused by random processes in population in a population of finite size
Do smaller or larger populations have more chance for genetic drift?
Smaller populations
homology
phenotype that is similar between two species because of common ancestry
homoplasy
, phenotype that is similar between two species because of convergent evolution
parsimony
the simplest explanation is the best (fewest evolutionary transitions) A-->B-->C = common A--
>B-->A = uncommon
migration load
maintenance of deleterious alleles by migration
Which traits are more informative?
Shared derived traits (synapomorphy)
Which traits provide no information?
Shared ancestral traits (pleisiomorphy)
Which traits provide false info?
Convergent traits (homoplasy)
allopatry
populations occur in different places
sympatry
populations occur at the same place same time
plasticity
ability of one genotype to produce more than one phenotype when exposed to different
environments
Genetic drift can do what to neutral alleles
eliminate & spread
What random processes cause genetic drift?
-independent assortment of alleles
-random variation in survival
-random variation in mating success
-random variation in fecundity
Is fixation of a deleterious allele or the loss of a beneficial allele more probable?
Loss of a beneficial allele
