PHOTOSYNTHESIS
International Basic – Full Study Notes
Introduction
Photosynthesis is a biological process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria make their own
food using sunlight. It is essential for life on Earth.
Definition
Photosynthesis is the process in which light energy is converted into chemical energy and stored in the
form of glucose.
Site of Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, a green pigment that
absorbs sunlight.
Chemical Equation
6CO■ + 6H■O → C■H■■O■ + 6O■ (in presence of sunlight and chlorophyll)
Raw Materials
• Carbon dioxide from air
• Water from soil
• Sunlight as energy source
• Chlorophyll as light absorber
Stages of Photosynthesis
Light Reaction: Occurs in grana, requires sunlight, releases oxygen.
Dark Reaction (Calvin Cycle): Occurs in stroma, produces glucose.
Importance
Photosynthesis provides food, releases oxygen, supports food chains, and maintains the balance of
gases in nature.
International Basic – Full Study Notes
Introduction
Photosynthesis is a biological process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria make their own
food using sunlight. It is essential for life on Earth.
Definition
Photosynthesis is the process in which light energy is converted into chemical energy and stored in the
form of glucose.
Site of Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, a green pigment that
absorbs sunlight.
Chemical Equation
6CO■ + 6H■O → C■H■■O■ + 6O■ (in presence of sunlight and chlorophyll)
Raw Materials
• Carbon dioxide from air
• Water from soil
• Sunlight as energy source
• Chlorophyll as light absorber
Stages of Photosynthesis
Light Reaction: Occurs in grana, requires sunlight, releases oxygen.
Dark Reaction (Calvin Cycle): Occurs in stroma, produces glucose.
Importance
Photosynthesis provides food, releases oxygen, supports food chains, and maintains the balance of
gases in nature.
