College of Physical Therapy
PT (II)
Practical Part of
Musculoskeletal Physical Therapy I
By:
Dr. Reem Sayed Dawood (Assist Prof of Physical Therapy)
,Contents:
No. Subject Page no.
1) Special tests of hip joint…………..…………………..……. 3
2) Special tests of knee joint…………..…….……….….……. 9
3) Special tests of ankle & foot ………....……..……………. 13
4) Special tests of lumbar spine joint…………...…………... 16
5) Special tests of shoulder joint…………..………...………. 23
6) Special tests of elbow joint…………..………...….………. 32
7) Special tests of wrist & hand…...…….…....………..…….. 35
8) Special tests of cervical spine joint……………..……….. 37
9) Students’ lab activities…………..………...….……….……. 41
10) References…………..…………………………..………..……. 42
Special Tests All joints (Musculoskeletal PTI, Practical Part), BMC, PT II 2
, Special Tests of Hip Joint
1. Thomas test:
Aim of the test: Identifies tightness of hip flexors.
Patient position: Patient is supine and one hip and knee are
maximally flexed to chest and held there. Opposite limb is kept
straight on table. Observe if hip flexion occurs on straight leg as
opposite limb is flexed.
Positive sign: Positive if straight limb’s hip flexes and/ or unable to remain flat on
the table. If knee is straight indicates tightness of rectus femories.
2. Ober’s test:
Aim of the test: Identifies tightness of tensor fascia latae and/ or
iliotibial band.
Patient position: Patient lies on the side with lower limb flexed at hip
& knee. Passively extend & abduct testing hid with knee flexed to 90
degrees. Slowly lower uppermost limb & observe if it reaches the table.
Positive sign: Positive if uppermost limb is unable to come to rest on the table.
Special Tests All joints (Musculoskeletal PTI, Practical Part), BMC, PT II 3
, 3. Ely test:
Aim of the test: Identify tightness of rectus femoris.
Patient position: Patient prone and knee of testing limb is flexed. Observe the hip
of testing limb.
Positive sign: Positive if hip of the testing limb flexes.
4. 90-90 Hamstring test:
Aim of the test: Identifies tightness of hamstring.
Patient position: Patient supine and hip and knee of testing limb is supported in
90 degree flexion. Passively extend knee of testing limb.
Positive sign: Positive if knee is unable to reach full extension.
Special Tests All joints (Musculoskeletal PTI, Practical Part), BMC, PT II 4
PT (II)
Practical Part of
Musculoskeletal Physical Therapy I
By:
Dr. Reem Sayed Dawood (Assist Prof of Physical Therapy)
,Contents:
No. Subject Page no.
1) Special tests of hip joint…………..…………………..……. 3
2) Special tests of knee joint…………..…….……….….……. 9
3) Special tests of ankle & foot ………....……..……………. 13
4) Special tests of lumbar spine joint…………...…………... 16
5) Special tests of shoulder joint…………..………...………. 23
6) Special tests of elbow joint…………..………...….………. 32
7) Special tests of wrist & hand…...…….…....………..…….. 35
8) Special tests of cervical spine joint……………..……….. 37
9) Students’ lab activities…………..………...….……….……. 41
10) References…………..…………………………..………..……. 42
Special Tests All joints (Musculoskeletal PTI, Practical Part), BMC, PT II 2
, Special Tests of Hip Joint
1. Thomas test:
Aim of the test: Identifies tightness of hip flexors.
Patient position: Patient is supine and one hip and knee are
maximally flexed to chest and held there. Opposite limb is kept
straight on table. Observe if hip flexion occurs on straight leg as
opposite limb is flexed.
Positive sign: Positive if straight limb’s hip flexes and/ or unable to remain flat on
the table. If knee is straight indicates tightness of rectus femories.
2. Ober’s test:
Aim of the test: Identifies tightness of tensor fascia latae and/ or
iliotibial band.
Patient position: Patient lies on the side with lower limb flexed at hip
& knee. Passively extend & abduct testing hid with knee flexed to 90
degrees. Slowly lower uppermost limb & observe if it reaches the table.
Positive sign: Positive if uppermost limb is unable to come to rest on the table.
Special Tests All joints (Musculoskeletal PTI, Practical Part), BMC, PT II 3
, 3. Ely test:
Aim of the test: Identify tightness of rectus femoris.
Patient position: Patient prone and knee of testing limb is flexed. Observe the hip
of testing limb.
Positive sign: Positive if hip of the testing limb flexes.
4. 90-90 Hamstring test:
Aim of the test: Identifies tightness of hamstring.
Patient position: Patient supine and hip and knee of testing limb is supported in
90 degree flexion. Passively extend knee of testing limb.
Positive sign: Positive if knee is unable to reach full extension.
Special Tests All joints (Musculoskeletal PTI, Practical Part), BMC, PT II 4
