The Complete Handbook of SAP ABAP Development Part 1
Topic : Basics of SAP and ABAP
1) ERP - (Enterprise Resource Planning)
It's purpose is to manage any company functions.) Software designed to manage and
integrate all core functions of a company (Finance, HR, Supply Chain, etc.) into a single
system.
2) SAP
SAP - System Application and Products for real time data processing.
or
SAP - System Application and Products in real time data processing.
3) History of SAP
SAP introduced by SAP AG in 1972 at Walldorf.( Germany)
SAP is a German based product.
4) Features of SAP
a)It is an integration of all functions in to one common software.
b)It is a Multi-lingual software.
C)It is a user-based license aggrement.( requires user name and password)
5) SAP R/3 Architecture
( 3 - 3 tier architecture , R- Real) - SAP is a real time architecture.
SAP utilizes a 3-Tier Architecture to ensure scalability and performance:
1. P resentation Layer: The user interface (SAP GUI) where users interact with the
system.
2. Application Layer: Where ABAP programs are executed. This layer processes the
business logic.
3. Database Layer: The central repository where all system and business data is
stored and retrieved.
6) SAP Netweaver
To ensure stability, SAP environments are divided into three distinct systems:
● Development (DEV): Where consultants build and configure objects.
, ● Q uality Assurance (QA): Where testing is performed to ensure the build is bug-free.
● Production (PRD): The "Live" system used by the end customer for daily business.
● Transport Request (TR): The mechanism used to move (transport) objects from
DEV → QA → PRD
7) ABAP/4 ->
Advanced Business Application Programming language.
It is a 4th generation language.
ABAP lies on application Layer.
8) Modules of SAP->
Functional Modules
Technical Modules
Functional Modules ->
SAP SD( Sales & Distribution)
SAP MM( Material Management)
SAP PS( Project System)
SAP FICO( Finance & Controlling)
SAP HR( Human Resources) -> HCM( Human Capital Management)
SAP WM( Warehouse Management)
Techical Modules->
SAP BASIS -> Administration and Monitoring of SAP systems.
SAP ABAP -> Programming language for SAP.
SAP BIBO( Business Intelligence , Business Objects) -> Reporting tool
10) SAP system Landscape
Development - Dedicated for development.
Quality -> Testing
Production( Live system) - Used by the customer.
,Development ->Quality ->Production
Transport Request -> It is a Mechanism to transport the objects from one system to another
system.
11) SAP Logon Configuration:
Description: You can put any description of the system.
If we will not put any description, It is a combination of System Id and Application Server.
Application Server: Enter IP address or Hostname of SAP application server.
Instance number: Instance number of SAP system which is defined during SAP installation.
It is of 2 characters long.It varies from 00 to 99.
System ID(SID): System id is a unique identification code for every SAP system which is
defined
during SAP Installation.
It is of 3 characters long.
Example : S4H,A4H etc.
12) ABAP Workbench -> It is a collection of ABAP tools.
SE38 -> Program/Report
SE11-> ABAP Dictionary
SE37 -> Function Module
SE24-> Class
13) Transaction Code -> It is a shortcut to access ABAP workbench tools.
Examples :
/nxxxx - to call Transaction xxxx( override the existing session)
/oxxxx - to Call Transaction xxxx in a new Session
/NEX -> to close all the sessions
, /n -> to cancel a session
/o- Display an Overview of sessions
14) User can open a maximum of 6 sessions.
15) F4 Help -> It tells us what are the various possible values for any Input field.
F1 Help -> It gives us the technical information of any field/column.
Topic : SAP Specific Objects and Customer Specific Objects.
1) Custom objects - starts with Z or Y.
2) SAP specific objects - other than Z or Y.
Topic : Concept of Object Navigator, Package, Transport Request
SE80-> Object Navigator
Package -> It is a collection/container for the objects.( Table, Data element, Domains,
Structures,Programs etc.)
In SAP, every object stored in to a package.
( Package for local objects : $TMP , local objects can never be transported)
SE21-> To create a package.
Transport request -> Medium to transport the objects.
SE09 -> To create a transport request.( Workbench request)
Topic : Basics of SAP and ABAP
1) ERP - (Enterprise Resource Planning)
It's purpose is to manage any company functions.) Software designed to manage and
integrate all core functions of a company (Finance, HR, Supply Chain, etc.) into a single
system.
2) SAP
SAP - System Application and Products for real time data processing.
or
SAP - System Application and Products in real time data processing.
3) History of SAP
SAP introduced by SAP AG in 1972 at Walldorf.( Germany)
SAP is a German based product.
4) Features of SAP
a)It is an integration of all functions in to one common software.
b)It is a Multi-lingual software.
C)It is a user-based license aggrement.( requires user name and password)
5) SAP R/3 Architecture
( 3 - 3 tier architecture , R- Real) - SAP is a real time architecture.
SAP utilizes a 3-Tier Architecture to ensure scalability and performance:
1. P resentation Layer: The user interface (SAP GUI) where users interact with the
system.
2. Application Layer: Where ABAP programs are executed. This layer processes the
business logic.
3. Database Layer: The central repository where all system and business data is
stored and retrieved.
6) SAP Netweaver
To ensure stability, SAP environments are divided into three distinct systems:
● Development (DEV): Where consultants build and configure objects.
, ● Q uality Assurance (QA): Where testing is performed to ensure the build is bug-free.
● Production (PRD): The "Live" system used by the end customer for daily business.
● Transport Request (TR): The mechanism used to move (transport) objects from
DEV → QA → PRD
7) ABAP/4 ->
Advanced Business Application Programming language.
It is a 4th generation language.
ABAP lies on application Layer.
8) Modules of SAP->
Functional Modules
Technical Modules
Functional Modules ->
SAP SD( Sales & Distribution)
SAP MM( Material Management)
SAP PS( Project System)
SAP FICO( Finance & Controlling)
SAP HR( Human Resources) -> HCM( Human Capital Management)
SAP WM( Warehouse Management)
Techical Modules->
SAP BASIS -> Administration and Monitoring of SAP systems.
SAP ABAP -> Programming language for SAP.
SAP BIBO( Business Intelligence , Business Objects) -> Reporting tool
10) SAP system Landscape
Development - Dedicated for development.
Quality -> Testing
Production( Live system) - Used by the customer.
,Development ->Quality ->Production
Transport Request -> It is a Mechanism to transport the objects from one system to another
system.
11) SAP Logon Configuration:
Description: You can put any description of the system.
If we will not put any description, It is a combination of System Id and Application Server.
Application Server: Enter IP address or Hostname of SAP application server.
Instance number: Instance number of SAP system which is defined during SAP installation.
It is of 2 characters long.It varies from 00 to 99.
System ID(SID): System id is a unique identification code for every SAP system which is
defined
during SAP Installation.
It is of 3 characters long.
Example : S4H,A4H etc.
12) ABAP Workbench -> It is a collection of ABAP tools.
SE38 -> Program/Report
SE11-> ABAP Dictionary
SE37 -> Function Module
SE24-> Class
13) Transaction Code -> It is a shortcut to access ABAP workbench tools.
Examples :
/nxxxx - to call Transaction xxxx( override the existing session)
/oxxxx - to Call Transaction xxxx in a new Session
/NEX -> to close all the sessions
, /n -> to cancel a session
/o- Display an Overview of sessions
14) User can open a maximum of 6 sessions.
15) F4 Help -> It tells us what are the various possible values for any Input field.
F1 Help -> It gives us the technical information of any field/column.
Topic : SAP Specific Objects and Customer Specific Objects.
1) Custom objects - starts with Z or Y.
2) SAP specific objects - other than Z or Y.
Topic : Concept of Object Navigator, Package, Transport Request
SE80-> Object Navigator
Package -> It is a collection/container for the objects.( Table, Data element, Domains,
Structures,Programs etc.)
In SAP, every object stored in to a package.
( Package for local objects : $TMP , local objects can never be transported)
SE21-> To create a package.
Transport request -> Medium to transport the objects.
SE09 -> To create a transport request.( Workbench request)
