"Mastering Tissues: Complete Class 9 Study Notes with Easy Definitions & Important
Questions"
Chapter: Tissues
Introduction to Tissues
A tissue is a group of cells that are similar in structure and perform a specific function. In plants
and animals, tissues are the building blocks that make up organs. There are different types of
tissues in both plants and animals, and they are specialized to carry out specific functions.
Types of Tissues in Plants
1. Meristematic Tissue
o Definition: Meristematic tissues are responsible for the growth of the plant. These
cells can divide and form new cells.
o Characteristics:
Cells are small, with thin walls.
Large nuclei and dense cytoplasm.
Found in areas of active growth (like the tips of roots and stems).
o Types of Meristematic Tissue:
Apical Meristem: Found at the tips of roots and stems, helping the plant
grow in length.
Lateral Meristem: Responsible for the growth in thickness, found in the
cambium layer.
Intercalary Meristem: Found at the base of leaves or internodes, aiding
in the growth of leaves or branches.
2. Permanent Tissue
o Definition: These tissues are formed from meristematic tissue after cell division,
and their cells do not divide anymore.
o Characteristics:
Cells are mature and specialized to perform specific functions.
o Types of Permanent Tissue:
Simple Permanent Tissue: Made of similar types of cells, which perform
the same function.
Parenchyma: Thin-walled cells that store food and water. Found
in leaves, fruits, and roots.
Collenchyma: Thick-walled cells that provide support to growing
parts.
Sclerenchyma: Cells with thick, lignified walls providing strength
to mature plant parts.
Questions"
Chapter: Tissues
Introduction to Tissues
A tissue is a group of cells that are similar in structure and perform a specific function. In plants
and animals, tissues are the building blocks that make up organs. There are different types of
tissues in both plants and animals, and they are specialized to carry out specific functions.
Types of Tissues in Plants
1. Meristematic Tissue
o Definition: Meristematic tissues are responsible for the growth of the plant. These
cells can divide and form new cells.
o Characteristics:
Cells are small, with thin walls.
Large nuclei and dense cytoplasm.
Found in areas of active growth (like the tips of roots and stems).
o Types of Meristematic Tissue:
Apical Meristem: Found at the tips of roots and stems, helping the plant
grow in length.
Lateral Meristem: Responsible for the growth in thickness, found in the
cambium layer.
Intercalary Meristem: Found at the base of leaves or internodes, aiding
in the growth of leaves or branches.
2. Permanent Tissue
o Definition: These tissues are formed from meristematic tissue after cell division,
and their cells do not divide anymore.
o Characteristics:
Cells are mature and specialized to perform specific functions.
o Types of Permanent Tissue:
Simple Permanent Tissue: Made of similar types of cells, which perform
the same function.
Parenchyma: Thin-walled cells that store food and water. Found
in leaves, fruits, and roots.
Collenchyma: Thick-walled cells that provide support to growing
parts.
Sclerenchyma: Cells with thick, lignified walls providing strength
to mature plant parts.
