Summary: Press media theory
(JRM 2)
EXAM – 11 NOVEMBER 11.30 – 13.30 EM/APPEL
Contents
1. Communication; Mass Communication; public communication; Formal- and
informal communication............................................................................................. 1
2. Gatekeeping......................................................................................................... 3
3. News value / News selection, processing ......................................................5
4. News presenting.................................................................................................. 7
5. Functions of public communication......................................................................9
6. Journalism as a (semi) profession.......................................................................12
1. Communication; Mass Communication; public
communication; Formal- and informal
communication.
Stappers 1983
Gerbner (s.d.)
How can one make things known to many?
By making it enduring available
Repeating the message (in new codes)
Multiplication
Dissemination
Reposition (Renewed offer, means and message are identical)
How to get things known to society?
From field studies, dropping leaflets, study of mass communication
Interpretation of an event is personal = everyone observes the same event, but
everyone perceives it in a different way
Ie: Two eyewitnesses, two different stories
Ie: Hundreds of journalists on the same event, all stories differ, but all are
true to some extent
1
, Facts are what a large group of people agree on that’s true, but are dependent on
different units1
Ie: traffic accident: car 1 drove *speed*, car 2 drove *speed* -> one’s guilty.
Not taking maybe background or psychology or motives in consideration)
Ie: we thought the earth was flat, fact
After the event has passed, all that’s left for reference are the reports
Gerbner (s.d.):
Information process (1, 2, 3, 4), communication process (5), information process (6,
7, 8, 9, 10)
1 Eenheden
2
(JRM 2)
EXAM – 11 NOVEMBER 11.30 – 13.30 EM/APPEL
Contents
1. Communication; Mass Communication; public communication; Formal- and
informal communication............................................................................................. 1
2. Gatekeeping......................................................................................................... 3
3. News value / News selection, processing ......................................................5
4. News presenting.................................................................................................. 7
5. Functions of public communication......................................................................9
6. Journalism as a (semi) profession.......................................................................12
1. Communication; Mass Communication; public
communication; Formal- and informal
communication.
Stappers 1983
Gerbner (s.d.)
How can one make things known to many?
By making it enduring available
Repeating the message (in new codes)
Multiplication
Dissemination
Reposition (Renewed offer, means and message are identical)
How to get things known to society?
From field studies, dropping leaflets, study of mass communication
Interpretation of an event is personal = everyone observes the same event, but
everyone perceives it in a different way
Ie: Two eyewitnesses, two different stories
Ie: Hundreds of journalists on the same event, all stories differ, but all are
true to some extent
1
, Facts are what a large group of people agree on that’s true, but are dependent on
different units1
Ie: traffic accident: car 1 drove *speed*, car 2 drove *speed* -> one’s guilty.
Not taking maybe background or psychology or motives in consideration)
Ie: we thought the earth was flat, fact
After the event has passed, all that’s left for reference are the reports
Gerbner (s.d.):
Information process (1, 2, 3, 4), communication process (5), information process (6,
7, 8, 9, 10)
1 Eenheden
2
