Page 1 of 61
NSG122 / NSG 122 Exam 2 (Latest 2025 Update):
Nursing Fundamental Concepts | Guide with Questions
and Verified Answers | All Units Covered | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Herzing
Infectious agent .....ANSWER.....bacteria, viruses, fungi
Portal of exit .....ANSWER.....a way for the infectious agent to
escape from the reservoir in which it has been growing
Reservoirs of infection .....ANSWER.....Natural habitat of the
organism
Means of transmission .....ANSWER.....direct contact, indirect
contact, airborne route
Infection cycle Steps .....ANSWER.....1. Infectious agent
2. Reservoir
3. Portal of exit
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4. Means of transmission
5. Portal of entry
6. Susceptible host
Portal of entry .....ANSWER.....Part of the body where organisms
enter
Susceptible host .....ANSWER.....a person likely to get an infection
or disease
Transmission barriers .....ANSWER.....help prevent the transporting
of pathogens from the infected person to the general
environment.
Common Portals of Exit .....ANSWER.....-Respiratory
-Gastrointestinal
-Genitourinary tracts
-Breaks in skin
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-Blood and tissue
Most common infectious agent .....ANSWER.....bacteria, virus,
fungi
bacteria .....ANSWER.....most significant and most prevalent in
hospital settings
virus .....ANSWER.....smallest of all microorganisms; can be seen
only by using an electron microscope
Fungi .....ANSWER.....Plant-like organisms present in air, soil, and
water
Stages of Infection .....ANSWER.....Incubation period
Prodromal stage
Full stage illness
Convalescent period
Incubation period .....ANSWER.....organism growing and
multiplying
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Prodromal stage .....ANSWER.....person is most infectious
Full stage illness .....ANSWER.....Presence of specific signs and
symptoms of disease
Convalescent period .....ANSWER.....Recovery from the infection
Hand hygiene .....ANSWER.....is the priority intervention for
decreasing the spread of infection.
Prodromal Stage .....ANSWER.....During which stage of infection is
the patient most contagious
Body's Defense Against Infection .....ANSWER.....-Normal flora in
the body
-Inflammatory response
-Immune response
Cardinal Sign of Acute Infection .....ANSWER.....-Redness
-Heat
NSG122 / NSG 122 Exam 2 (Latest 2025 Update):
Nursing Fundamental Concepts | Guide with Questions
and Verified Answers | All Units Covered | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Herzing
Infectious agent .....ANSWER.....bacteria, viruses, fungi
Portal of exit .....ANSWER.....a way for the infectious agent to
escape from the reservoir in which it has been growing
Reservoirs of infection .....ANSWER.....Natural habitat of the
organism
Means of transmission .....ANSWER.....direct contact, indirect
contact, airborne route
Infection cycle Steps .....ANSWER.....1. Infectious agent
2. Reservoir
3. Portal of exit
,Page 2 of 61
4. Means of transmission
5. Portal of entry
6. Susceptible host
Portal of entry .....ANSWER.....Part of the body where organisms
enter
Susceptible host .....ANSWER.....a person likely to get an infection
or disease
Transmission barriers .....ANSWER.....help prevent the transporting
of pathogens from the infected person to the general
environment.
Common Portals of Exit .....ANSWER.....-Respiratory
-Gastrointestinal
-Genitourinary tracts
-Breaks in skin
,Page 3 of 61
-Blood and tissue
Most common infectious agent .....ANSWER.....bacteria, virus,
fungi
bacteria .....ANSWER.....most significant and most prevalent in
hospital settings
virus .....ANSWER.....smallest of all microorganisms; can be seen
only by using an electron microscope
Fungi .....ANSWER.....Plant-like organisms present in air, soil, and
water
Stages of Infection .....ANSWER.....Incubation period
Prodromal stage
Full stage illness
Convalescent period
Incubation period .....ANSWER.....organism growing and
multiplying
, Page 4 of 61
Prodromal stage .....ANSWER.....person is most infectious
Full stage illness .....ANSWER.....Presence of specific signs and
symptoms of disease
Convalescent period .....ANSWER.....Recovery from the infection
Hand hygiene .....ANSWER.....is the priority intervention for
decreasing the spread of infection.
Prodromal Stage .....ANSWER.....During which stage of infection is
the patient most contagious
Body's Defense Against Infection .....ANSWER.....-Normal flora in
the body
-Inflammatory response
-Immune response
Cardinal Sign of Acute Infection .....ANSWER.....-Redness
-Heat
