Page 1 of 77
NSG122 / NSG 122 Exam 4 (Latest 2025 Update):
Nursing Fundamental Concepts | Questions and
Verified Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A - Herzing
types of joints .....ANSWER.....- fibrous: immobile, no cavity (ex:
skull sutures)
- cartilaginous: slightly moveable, no cavity, cartilage between
bones (symphysis pubis, vertebrae)
- synovial: freely moveable, joint space with fluid (knee, hip,
shoulder)
types of synovial joints .....ANSWER.....- gliding: flat surfaces slide
over each other (carpal bones)
- hinge: rounded surface fits into concave surface (elbow, knee)
- pivot: ring like structure around a pivot (atlantoaxial)
- condyloid: oval head fits into shallow cavity (finger to palm)
- saddle: concave on one side, convex on the other (thumb)
,Page 2 of 77
- ball and socket: rounded head fits into a cup of another
(shoulder, hip)
ball and socket joint movement .....ANSWER.....- flexion
- extension
- abduction
- adduction
- rotation
hinge joint movement .....ANSWER.....- flexion
- extension
saddle joint movement .....ANSWER.....- flexion
- extension
- abduction
- adduction
- circumduction
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- opposition
flexion .....ANSWER.....bending at the joint so that the angle
between the bones is decreased
extension .....ANSWER.....straightening at the joint so that the
angle between the bones is increased
dorsiflexion .....ANSWER.....bending upward of the foot toward
the knee
abduction .....ANSWER.....movement away from the midline
adduction .....ANSWER.....movement toward the midline
3 body systems affecting mobility .....ANSWER.....- skeletal
- muscular
- nervous
isotonic exercise .....ANSWER.....- muscle contraction, relaxation,
and stretching
, Page 4 of 77
- general movement
- ex: walking, running, swimming, ADLs
isometric exercise .....ANSWER.....- muscle contraction and holding
- ex: yoga, stationary exercise for someone in a cast
isokinetic exercise .....ANSWER.....- muscle contraction with
resistance/weights
- ex: weightlifting, use of therapeutic bands
body system effects for bedridden patients .....ANSWER.....-
increased cardiac workload
- decreased heartrate
- decreased respirations
- decreased peristalsis (constipation)
- increased kidney stones
- decreased muscle tone
NSG122 / NSG 122 Exam 4 (Latest 2025 Update):
Nursing Fundamental Concepts | Questions and
Verified Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A - Herzing
types of joints .....ANSWER.....- fibrous: immobile, no cavity (ex:
skull sutures)
- cartilaginous: slightly moveable, no cavity, cartilage between
bones (symphysis pubis, vertebrae)
- synovial: freely moveable, joint space with fluid (knee, hip,
shoulder)
types of synovial joints .....ANSWER.....- gliding: flat surfaces slide
over each other (carpal bones)
- hinge: rounded surface fits into concave surface (elbow, knee)
- pivot: ring like structure around a pivot (atlantoaxial)
- condyloid: oval head fits into shallow cavity (finger to palm)
- saddle: concave on one side, convex on the other (thumb)
,Page 2 of 77
- ball and socket: rounded head fits into a cup of another
(shoulder, hip)
ball and socket joint movement .....ANSWER.....- flexion
- extension
- abduction
- adduction
- rotation
hinge joint movement .....ANSWER.....- flexion
- extension
saddle joint movement .....ANSWER.....- flexion
- extension
- abduction
- adduction
- circumduction
,Page 3 of 77
- opposition
flexion .....ANSWER.....bending at the joint so that the angle
between the bones is decreased
extension .....ANSWER.....straightening at the joint so that the
angle between the bones is increased
dorsiflexion .....ANSWER.....bending upward of the foot toward
the knee
abduction .....ANSWER.....movement away from the midline
adduction .....ANSWER.....movement toward the midline
3 body systems affecting mobility .....ANSWER.....- skeletal
- muscular
- nervous
isotonic exercise .....ANSWER.....- muscle contraction, relaxation,
and stretching
, Page 4 of 77
- general movement
- ex: walking, running, swimming, ADLs
isometric exercise .....ANSWER.....- muscle contraction and holding
- ex: yoga, stationary exercise for someone in a cast
isokinetic exercise .....ANSWER.....- muscle contraction with
resistance/weights
- ex: weightlifting, use of therapeutic bands
body system effects for bedridden patients .....ANSWER.....-
increased cardiac workload
- decreased heartrate
- decreased respirations
- decreased peristalsis (constipation)
- increased kidney stones
- decreased muscle tone
