GMS6530

GMS 6530 (MED PHARM II - CARDIO): PROBLEM SET 2 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED Is it more common for a patient with heart failure to have a heart that is larger or smaller than expected? Larger Smaller Larger Pathologic examination of cardiac muscle from a patient with cardiac hypertrophy shows narrowed cardiomyocytes. What type of hypertrophy does this patient have? Physiologic hypertrophy Concentric hypertrophy Eccentric hypertrophy Eccentric hypertr...

GMS6530 FINAL EXAM PT. 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE How to convert a concentration gradient to an electrical potential? make the membrane permeable to one ion What is the Nernst potential? the outward "diffusive" force on K+ ions balances the inward electrical force on the K+ ions What is the Nernst equation? equilibrium between an ion concentration difference and the potential across a semi-permeable membrane How many human ion channel ge...

GMS 6530 MODULE 2 HEART FAILURE DRUGS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE Neurohormonal Agents Angiotensin II modifiers (ACE-inhibitors and ARBs) Beta-Blockers (decr mortality) Aldosterone Antagonists Vasodilators Other agents Captopril ACE-inhibitor Enalapril ACE-inhibitor Lisinopril ACE-inhibitor Valsartan Candasartan ARB Metoprolol beta-blocker 1 Carvedilol non-selective beta-blocker & alpha-1 blocker

GMS 6530: FINAL EXAM FLASHCARDS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED Structure of the Heart Wall endocardium (thin), myocardium (muscle, larger; actually contracts), epicardium (same as pericardium/visceral), pericardial cavity (empty) --> parietal pericardium, fibrous layer Interatrial septum partition between the right and left atria interventricular septum separates right ventricle and left ventricle What controls the movement of blood through the heart? 1....

GMS 6530 MODULE 4 ANTIARRHYTHMICS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE IK-ACH in SA/AV nodes and atrial cells, functions like IKI channel when activated, activated by PNS during rapid repolarization and diastole, GPCR, ligand gated IK-ATP ligand gated INa voltage gated, phase 0 ICa voltage gated Ito1 transient outward current 1: efflux of K+, open during phase 1 in fast response myocardial cells Ito2 transient outward current 1: influx of Ca2+, ...

GMS 6530 PS4 EXAM ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE fast inactivation of a Na channel is accomplished through which mechanism? -binding of K -large-scale conformation change -channel internalization -protein binding -movement of the inactivation gate movement of the inactivation gate the electrical impulse responsible for cardiac contraction begins in what location? -atria -AV node -SA node -purkinje fibers -ventricles SA node which ty...

GMS 6530 MODULE 3 ANTIANGINALS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED Nitroglycerin nitrate, smooth muscle dilator (veins > arterioles), venodilation --> decr preload, decr ED pressure, vol, and demand --> decr tension small decr TPR: decr afterload --> decr demand (high dose incr demand due to reflex tachycardia) coronary dilation: incr blood flow --> incr supply uses: acute, prophylaxis Isosorbide mono- and dinitrate nitrate smooth muscle dilator (vei...

GMS6530 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED Diaphragm Large, flat muscle at the bottom of the chest cavity that helps with breathing -Contraction: Flattens diaphragm, enlarging thoracic cavity and pulling air in -Relaxation: allows diaphragm to bulge upwards, compresses lungs, expells lungs. Accounts 2/3 of airflow Internal and external intercosta muscles Synergists to diaphragm -Located between ribs -Add about 1/3 of air that ventilates the lungs Nor...

GMS 6530 PS9 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS acetazolamide inhibits which enzyme? -carbonic anhydrase -NHE3 -Na+ transport proteins -Na/K/Cl cotransporter -ACE carbonic anhydrase Furosemide inhibits which enzyme? -carbonic anhydrase -NHE3 -Na transport proteins -Na/K/Cl cotransporter -ACE Na/K/Cl cotransporter Assuming equal diuretic effects, which drug would be more appropriate for an 80 year old woman with a history of bone fractures? -furosemide -hyd...

GMS 6530 PS8 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ The renal pyramids are separated from each other by extensions of the renal cortex called______. -renal medulla -minor calyces -medullary cortices -renal columns renal columns The functional unit of the kidney is called_____. -the renal hilus -the renal corpuscle -the nephron -Bowman's capsule the nephron Most absorption and secretion occurs in this part of the nephron -proximal convoluted tubule ...