Revisiontestbanks

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The practitioner has ordered continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) for a patient with acute kidney injury. The patient needs both the removal of fluids and a moderate amount of solutes. Which type of CRRT would the nurse anticipate being started on this patient? a. Slow continuous ultrafiltration (SCUF) b. Continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) c. Continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVHD) d. Continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) ANS: B Conti...

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Considering anatomic location, which cranial nerve will be affected first by downward pressure onto the infratentorial structures? a. III b. VI c. IX d. X ANS: A With the location of the oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve [CN] III) at the notch of the tentorium, pupil size, and reactivity play a key role in the physical assessment of intracranial pressure changes and herniation syndromes. In addition to CN III compression, changes in pupil size occur for other reason...

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which condition would result in an increased release of renin? a. Increased release of angiotensin I b. Increased release of angiotensin II c. Increased amount of sodium in the distal convoluted tubule d. Reduced pressure in the glomerulus ANS: D Renin is released in response to reduced pressure in the glomerulus, sympathetic stimulation of the kidneys, and a decrease in the amount of sodium in the distal convoluted tubule. Renin is converted to angiotensin I, whi...

Chapter 16: Pulmonary Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 17: Pulmonary Clinical Assessment Chapter 18: Pulmonary Diagnostic Procedures Chapter 19: Pulmonary Disorders Chapter 20: Pulmonary Therapeutic Management

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A patient has been experiencing drowsiness, confusion, and slight focal deficits for several days. The initial noncontract computed tomography (CT) findings are negative. The patient is being prepared for a lumbar puncture. What appearance does the nurse anticipate that the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) would look? a. Cloudy b. Bloody c. Yellow d. Clear ANS: B If the initial computed tomography findings are negative, a lumbar puncture is performed to obtain cerebrospi...

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which finding confirms the diagnosis of a pulmonary embolism (PE)? a. Low-probability ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan b. Negative pulmonary angiogram c. High-probability V/Q scan d. Absence of vascular markings on the chest radiograph ANS: C A definitive diagnosis of a pulmonary embolism requires confirmation by a high-probability ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan, an abnormal pulmonary angiogram or computed tomography scan, or strong clinical suspicion coupled wi...

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Control of the rate of respirations occurs in the in which brain center? a. Apneustic center b. Pneumotaxic center c. Reticular activating system d. Midbrain ANS: B Two respiratory control centers are located in the pons, namely the apneustic and pneumotaxic centers. Whereas the apneustic center controls the length of inspiration and expiration, the pneumotaxic center controls respiratory rate. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: p. 532 OBJ: Nurs...

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. What is the preset positive pressure used to augment the patient’s inspiratory effort known as? a. Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) b. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) c. Pressure control ventilation (PCV) d. Pressure support ventilation (PSV) ANS: D Preset positive pressure used to augment the patient’s inspiratory efforts is known as pressure support ventilation. With continuous positive airway pressure, positive pressure is applied during s...

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which part of the pulmonary anatomy does most of the work of breathing? a. Pleura b. Intercostal muscles c. Diaphragm d. Sternocleidomastoid ANS: C The main muscle of inhalation is the diaphragm. It is connected to the sternum, ribs, and vertebrae. During normal, quiet breathing, the diaphragm does approximately 80% of the work of breathing. The most important of these are the external intercostal muscles, which elevate the ribs and expand the chest cage outward. ...

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which patient would be considered hypoxemic? a. A 70-year-old man with a PaO2 of 72 b. A 50-year-old woman with a PaO2 of 65 c. A 84-year-old man with a PaO2 of 96 d. A 68-year-old woman with a PaO2 of 80 ANS: B Normal PaO2 is 80 to 100 mm Hg in persons younger than 60 years. The formula for determining PaO2 for a person older than 60 years of age is 80 mm Hg minus 1 mm Hg for every year of age above 60 years of age, for example, 70 years old = 80 mm Hg – 10 mm ...