Lesson 2nd Year 1
01 (The Dying Sun)
Answer These Questions:
1) How is it that a star seldom finds another Star near it?
ہیویکرکنےہہکاکیاتسرہاشزواندریسکدورسےاتسرےوکاےنپرقبیاپاتےہ؟
2) What happened when, according to Sir James Jeans, a wandering star, wandering through
space, came near the sun? رسجیمززنیجےکاطمقباسوتقایکروامنوہابجاکیرگدشرکاتوہااتسراالخںیمرگدشرکےتوہےئوسرجےکرقبیآالکن؟
3) What happened when the wandering star came nearer and nearer?
اسوتقایکروامنوہابجاکیرگدشرکاتوہااتسرہوسرجےکرقبیےسرقبیرتآاتالچایگ؟
4) What are planets and how did they come into existence? ایسرےایکںیہاورہیسکرطحووجدںیمآےئ؟
Ans: A wandering star came near the sun. It raised a big wave on the surface of the sun. The
nearer the star came, the higher the wave rose. Then the wave broke into pieces. These
pieces fell off the sun. They began to move round the sun. They came to be known as
planets. Our earth is one of them.
رگدشرکاتوہااکیاتسراوسرجےکرقبیآای۔وتاسےنوسرجیکحطسرپاکیڑبیرہلدیپایک۔اتسراانتجرقبیآاتایگرہلاینتاویچنایتھٹیئگ۔رھپہیرہلڑکٹےڑکٹےوہیئگ۔ہیڑکٹےوسرجےس
رپےاجرگے۔وہوسرجےکرگددمارںیمرکچاگلےنےگل۔وہایسرےےکوطررپاچہپےن اجےنےگل۔امہریزنیمیھباںیہنںیماکیےہ۔
5) Why is there no life on stars? اتسروںرپزدنیگویکںںیہنےہ؟
Ans: Stars are the big burning balls of fire. Life would melt away there. Therefore, there is
no life on the stars. اتسرےآگےکڑبےڑبےےتلجوہےئوگےلںیہ۔زدنیگواہںلھگپاجےئیگ۔ایسےیلاتسروںرپوکیئزدنیگںیہنےہ۔
6) Write a note on the beginning of life on earth. زنیمرپزدنیگیکادتباءرپونٹںیھکل۔
Ans: Sir James Jeans says that life began in the form of a living organism. Then, it changed
into a human being. In this way life began on earth.
رسجیمززنیجاتہکےہہکزدنیگاکیزدنہرجوثہمیکلکشںیمووجدںیمآیئ۔رھپاسےسااسنن ووجدںیمآای۔اسرطحےسزنیمرپزدنیگیکادتباءوہیئ۔
7) Why is the universe, of which our earth is a part, so frightening? Give as many reasons as
you can. اینتڈراؤینویکںےہ؟آپاینتووجاہتایبنرکںیینتجآپرکےتکسںیہ۔،اکانئتسجاکاکیہصحامہریزنیمیھبےہ
Ans: The universe is full of burning stars. The space is very cold. Life cannot exist
anywhere except on earth. All these things make the universe frightening.
اکانئتآگےکےتلجاتسروںےسرھبیڑپیےہ۔الختہبرسدےہ۔اموسازنیمےکزدنیگںیہکووجدںیمںیہنآیتکس۔ہیبسزیچںیاکانئت وکڈراؤانانبدیتیںیہ۔
8) What, in your opinion, should be the conditions necessary, for the kind of life we know, to
exist on other heavenly bodies? Do such conditions generally exist?
دورسےارجامِیکلفرپووجدںیمالےنےکےیلوکےسناحالترضوریںیہ؟ایکاےسیاحالتوموجدںیہ؟،آپیکراےئںیمزدنیگوکےسجمہاجےتنںیہ
Ans: Air, water and moderate temperature are necessary for life. These things do not exist
anywhere in the universe except on earth.
اپیناوردتعملدرہجرحارتزدنیگےکےیلرضوریںیہ۔ہیزیچںیوساےئزنیمےکاکانئتںیمںیہکووجدںیہنرںیتھک۔،وہا
, Lesson 2nd Year 2
02 (Using the Scientific Method)
Answer These Questions:
1) How has the scientific method helped us in our fight against disease?
امیبریےکالخفگنجںیماسیسنئرطہقیاکرےنامہریسکرطحدمدیکےہ؟
Ans: Today babies are born in hospitals. They do not get diseases. We eat fresh food and
drink pure water. We live a clean life. All these things help us in our fight against
diseases. آجاتپسہولںںیمےچبدیپاوہےتںیہ۔اںیہنامیبرایںںیہنیتگلںیہ۔مہاتزہاھکاناھکےتںیہاوراصفاپینےتیپںیہ۔مہاصفرھتسیزدنیگزگارےتںیہ۔
ہیامتمزیچںیامیبرویںےسڑلےنںیمامہریدمدرکیتںیہ۔
2) Write a note on the better sanitary conditions available in our cities today and compare them
with what they were like a hundred years ago.
آجامہرےرہشوںںیم دایتسبافصیئےکرتہباحالترپاکیونٹںیھکلاوراناکومازہنرکںی۔سجرطحوہوساسلےلہپےھت۔
Ans: Today our city streets are clean and paved. Dirty water flows in sealed pipes. While a
hundred years ago, the streets were unpaved and dirty. The garbage was thrown into
the streets. آجامہرےرہشیکڑسںیکاصفرھتسیاوریکپںیہ۔دنباپوپئںںیمدنگااپیناتہبےہ۔ہکبجوساسلےلہپیکایلگںیچکاوریچکںیھت۔رچکاویلگںںیمکنیھپدایایگ۔
3) What are the sanitary conditions like in our villages today and how would you improve them?
آجامہرےداہیتںیمافصیئےکاحالتایکںیہاورآپاںیہنےسیکرتہبرکںیےگ؟
Ans: The sanitary conditions in our villages are not good. Dirty water flows in open drains.
The streets are narrow and unpaved. We should set up a department of sanitation in
every village to better the sanitation.
امہرےداہیتںیمافصیئےکاحالتکیھٹںیہنںیہ۔ےلھکانولںںیمدنگااپیناتہبےہ۔ایلگںگنتاوریچکںیہ۔ںیمہافصیئوکرتہبانبےنےکےیلرہاگؤںںیمافصیئاکہمکحماقمئرکاناچےیہ۔
4) How has the scientific method helped us in the production and preservation of foods?
اسیسنئرطہقیاکرےناھکےنےنیپیکاایشءیکایتریاورظفحتںیمامہریسکرطحدمدیکےہ؟
Ans: Science has helped us in the production and preservation of food. Now machines are
used in ploughing, sowing and harvesting.
وبایئاوراٹکیئںیماامعتسلوہیتںیہ۔،اسسنئےنوخراکیکدیپاواراورظفحتںیمامہریدمدیکےہ۔ابںینیشملہالچےن
5) We are now generally less fearful than our ancestors. What were our ancestors afraid of?
ابمہاعموطررپاےنپآابؤادجادےسمکوخزفدہںیہ۔امہرےآابؤادجادسکزیچےسڈرےتےھت؟
Ans: Our forefathers were afraid of black cats, broken mirrors, and the number 13.
Now, we know that there is a reason behind every happening. Therefore, we are less
fearful than our forefathers. ےسڈرےتےھت۔ابمہاجےتنںیہہکرہواہعقےکےھچیپ13وٹےٹوہےئآےنیئاورربمن،امہرےآابؤادجاداکیلویلبں
وکیئہنوکیئوہجوہیتےہ۔ اسےیلمہاےنپآابؤادجادےکاقمےلبںیممکڈرےتںیہ۔
6) How has the scientific method enabled us to get over the old fears?
اسیسنئرطہقیاکرےنںیمہرپاےنوخفرپاقوباپےنےکاقلبےسیکانبای؟
Ans: The scientific method has Changed our thinking. We know that there is a reason
behind every happening. Therefore, we are not afraid of the old fears.
اسیسنئرطہقیاکرےنامہریوسچدبلدیےہ۔مہاجےتنںیہہکرہواہعقےکےھچیپوکیئہنوکیئوہجوہیتےہ۔اسےیلمہرپاےنادنوشیںےسںیہنڈرےت۔
7) What part did astrology play in the lives of men and women in the past? Give examples.
ملعوجنمےنامیضںیمرمدوںاوروعروتںیکزدنویگںںیمایکرکداراداایک؟اثمںیلدںی۔
Ans: Astrology is the knowledge of stars. In the past, it was believed that the stars and their
movement influenced the lives of people. Therefore, astrology played a vital role in
the lives of people.
ملعوجنمےنولوگںیکزدنویگںںیماکیامہرکداراداایک۔،ذہلا.ہیایخلایکاجاتاھتہکاتسرےاورانیکرحتکیولوگںیکزدنویگںوکاتمرثرکیتےہ،ملعوجنماتسروںاکملعےہ۔امیضںیم
01 (The Dying Sun)
Answer These Questions:
1) How is it that a star seldom finds another Star near it?
ہیویکرکنےہہکاکیاتسرہاشزواندریسکدورسےاتسرےوکاےنپرقبیاپاتےہ؟
2) What happened when, according to Sir James Jeans, a wandering star, wandering through
space, came near the sun? رسجیمززنیجےکاطمقباسوتقایکروامنوہابجاکیرگدشرکاتوہااتسراالخںیمرگدشرکےتوہےئوسرجےکرقبیآالکن؟
3) What happened when the wandering star came nearer and nearer?
اسوتقایکروامنوہابجاکیرگدشرکاتوہااتسرہوسرجےکرقبیےسرقبیرتآاتالچایگ؟
4) What are planets and how did they come into existence? ایسرےایکںیہاورہیسکرطحووجدںیمآےئ؟
Ans: A wandering star came near the sun. It raised a big wave on the surface of the sun. The
nearer the star came, the higher the wave rose. Then the wave broke into pieces. These
pieces fell off the sun. They began to move round the sun. They came to be known as
planets. Our earth is one of them.
رگدشرکاتوہااکیاتسراوسرجےکرقبیآای۔وتاسےنوسرجیکحطسرپاکیڑبیرہلدیپایک۔اتسراانتجرقبیآاتایگرہلاینتاویچنایتھٹیئگ۔رھپہیرہلڑکٹےڑکٹےوہیئگ۔ہیڑکٹےوسرجےس
رپےاجرگے۔وہوسرجےکرگددمارںیمرکچاگلےنےگل۔وہایسرےےکوطررپاچہپےن اجےنےگل۔امہریزنیمیھباںیہنںیماکیےہ۔
5) Why is there no life on stars? اتسروںرپزدنیگویکںںیہنےہ؟
Ans: Stars are the big burning balls of fire. Life would melt away there. Therefore, there is
no life on the stars. اتسرےآگےکڑبےڑبےےتلجوہےئوگےلںیہ۔زدنیگواہںلھگپاجےئیگ۔ایسےیلاتسروںرپوکیئزدنیگںیہنےہ۔
6) Write a note on the beginning of life on earth. زنیمرپزدنیگیکادتباءرپونٹںیھکل۔
Ans: Sir James Jeans says that life began in the form of a living organism. Then, it changed
into a human being. In this way life began on earth.
رسجیمززنیجاتہکےہہکزدنیگاکیزدنہرجوثہمیکلکشںیمووجدںیمآیئ۔رھپاسےسااسنن ووجدںیمآای۔اسرطحےسزنیمرپزدنیگیکادتباءوہیئ۔
7) Why is the universe, of which our earth is a part, so frightening? Give as many reasons as
you can. اینتڈراؤینویکںےہ؟آپاینتووجاہتایبنرکںیینتجآپرکےتکسںیہ۔،اکانئتسجاکاکیہصحامہریزنیمیھبےہ
Ans: The universe is full of burning stars. The space is very cold. Life cannot exist
anywhere except on earth. All these things make the universe frightening.
اکانئتآگےکےتلجاتسروںےسرھبیڑپیےہ۔الختہبرسدےہ۔اموسازنیمےکزدنیگںیہکووجدںیمںیہنآیتکس۔ہیبسزیچںیاکانئت وکڈراؤانانبدیتیںیہ۔
8) What, in your opinion, should be the conditions necessary, for the kind of life we know, to
exist on other heavenly bodies? Do such conditions generally exist?
دورسےارجامِیکلفرپووجدںیمالےنےکےیلوکےسناحالترضوریںیہ؟ایکاےسیاحالتوموجدںیہ؟،آپیکراےئںیمزدنیگوکےسجمہاجےتنںیہ
Ans: Air, water and moderate temperature are necessary for life. These things do not exist
anywhere in the universe except on earth.
اپیناوردتعملدرہجرحارتزدنیگےکےیلرضوریںیہ۔ہیزیچںیوساےئزنیمےکاکانئتںیمںیہکووجدںیہنرںیتھک۔،وہا
, Lesson 2nd Year 2
02 (Using the Scientific Method)
Answer These Questions:
1) How has the scientific method helped us in our fight against disease?
امیبریےکالخفگنجںیماسیسنئرطہقیاکرےنامہریسکرطحدمدیکےہ؟
Ans: Today babies are born in hospitals. They do not get diseases. We eat fresh food and
drink pure water. We live a clean life. All these things help us in our fight against
diseases. آجاتپسہولںںیمےچبدیپاوہےتںیہ۔اںیہنامیبرایںںیہنیتگلںیہ۔مہاتزہاھکاناھکےتںیہاوراصفاپینےتیپںیہ۔مہاصفرھتسیزدنیگزگارےتںیہ۔
ہیامتمزیچںیامیبرویںےسڑلےنںیمامہریدمدرکیتںیہ۔
2) Write a note on the better sanitary conditions available in our cities today and compare them
with what they were like a hundred years ago.
آجامہرےرہشوںںیم دایتسبافصیئےکرتہباحالترپاکیونٹںیھکلاوراناکومازہنرکںی۔سجرطحوہوساسلےلہپےھت۔
Ans: Today our city streets are clean and paved. Dirty water flows in sealed pipes. While a
hundred years ago, the streets were unpaved and dirty. The garbage was thrown into
the streets. آجامہرےرہشیکڑسںیکاصفرھتسیاوریکپںیہ۔دنباپوپئںںیمدنگااپیناتہبےہ۔ہکبجوساسلےلہپیکایلگںیچکاوریچکںیھت۔رچکاویلگںںیمکنیھپدایایگ۔
3) What are the sanitary conditions like in our villages today and how would you improve them?
آجامہرےداہیتںیمافصیئےکاحالتایکںیہاورآپاںیہنےسیکرتہبرکںیےگ؟
Ans: The sanitary conditions in our villages are not good. Dirty water flows in open drains.
The streets are narrow and unpaved. We should set up a department of sanitation in
every village to better the sanitation.
امہرےداہیتںیمافصیئےکاحالتکیھٹںیہنںیہ۔ےلھکانولںںیمدنگااپیناتہبےہ۔ایلگںگنتاوریچکںیہ۔ںیمہافصیئوکرتہبانبےنےکےیلرہاگؤںںیمافصیئاکہمکحماقمئرکاناچےیہ۔
4) How has the scientific method helped us in the production and preservation of foods?
اسیسنئرطہقیاکرےناھکےنےنیپیکاایشءیکایتریاورظفحتںیمامہریسکرطحدمدیکےہ؟
Ans: Science has helped us in the production and preservation of food. Now machines are
used in ploughing, sowing and harvesting.
وبایئاوراٹکیئںیماامعتسلوہیتںیہ۔،اسسنئےنوخراکیکدیپاواراورظفحتںیمامہریدمدیکےہ۔ابںینیشملہالچےن
5) We are now generally less fearful than our ancestors. What were our ancestors afraid of?
ابمہاعموطررپاےنپآابؤادجادےسمکوخزفدہںیہ۔امہرےآابؤادجادسکزیچےسڈرےتےھت؟
Ans: Our forefathers were afraid of black cats, broken mirrors, and the number 13.
Now, we know that there is a reason behind every happening. Therefore, we are less
fearful than our forefathers. ےسڈرےتےھت۔ابمہاجےتنںیہہکرہواہعقےکےھچیپ13وٹےٹوہےئآےنیئاورربمن،امہرےآابؤادجاداکیلویلبں
وکیئہنوکیئوہجوہیتےہ۔ اسےیلمہاےنپآابؤادجادےکاقمےلبںیممکڈرےتںیہ۔
6) How has the scientific method enabled us to get over the old fears?
اسیسنئرطہقیاکرےنںیمہرپاےنوخفرپاقوباپےنےکاقلبےسیکانبای؟
Ans: The scientific method has Changed our thinking. We know that there is a reason
behind every happening. Therefore, we are not afraid of the old fears.
اسیسنئرطہقیاکرےنامہریوسچدبلدیےہ۔مہاجےتنںیہہکرہواہعقےکےھچیپوکیئہنوکیئوہجوہیتےہ۔اسےیلمہرپاےنادنوشیںےسںیہنڈرےت۔
7) What part did astrology play in the lives of men and women in the past? Give examples.
ملعوجنمےنامیضںیمرمدوںاوروعروتںیکزدنویگںںیمایکرکداراداایک؟اثمںیلدںی۔
Ans: Astrology is the knowledge of stars. In the past, it was believed that the stars and their
movement influenced the lives of people. Therefore, astrology played a vital role in
the lives of people.
ملعوجنمےنولوگںیکزدنویگںںیماکیامہرکداراداایک۔،ذہلا.ہیایخلایکاجاتاھتہکاتسرےاورانیکرحتکیولوگںیکزدنویگںوکاتمرثرکیتےہ،ملعوجنماتسروںاکملعےہ۔امیضںیم
