Nursing Pharmacology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fffmdg
1. Absorption the process by which drug molecules move from their
site of administration to the blood
2. Affinity the ability of some tissues to attract, accumulate and
store drugs in high concentrations relative to other tis-
sues
3. blood-brain barrier Blood vessels (capillaries) that selectively let certain
substances enter the brain tissue and keep other sub-
stances out
4. diffusion process by which molecules tend to move from an area
where they are more concentrated to an area where they
are less concentrated
5. distribution the transport of drugs throughout the body after they are
absorbed
6. drug-protein com- formed when a drugh that binds reversibly to a plasma
plexes protein, particularly albumin, that makes the drug un-
available for distribution to its site of action
7. enterohepatic re- recycling of drugs and other substances by the circula-
circulation tion of bile through the intestine and liver
8. enzyme induction process by whick a drug increases the activity of the
hepatic microsomal enzymes
9. excretion the process of removing substances from the body
10. first-pass effect mechanism whereby drugs are absorbed enter into the
hepatic portal circulation and are inactivated by the liver
before they reach the general circulation
11. fetal-placental bar- special anatomic barrier that inhibits many chemicals
rier and drugs from entering the fetus
12. hepatic microso- as it relates to phamacotherapy, liver enzymes that me-
mal enzyme sys- tabolize drugs as well as nutrients and other endoge-
tem nous substances, sometimes called the P-450 System
1/8
, Nursing Pharmacology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fffmdg
13. isozymes multiple similar forms of an enzyme that perform slightly
different metabolic functions
14. loading dose relatively large dose of a drug given at the beginning of
treatment to rapidly obtain a therapeutic response
15. maintenance dos- amount of drug that keeps the plasma drug concentra-
es tion in the therapeutic range
16. metabolism the process used by the body to chemically change a
drug molecule, also called biotransformation
17. minimum effective amount of drug required to produce a therapeutic effect
concentration
18. pharmacokinetics study of drug movement throughout the body
19. plasma half-life the length of time required for the plasma concentration
of a drug to decrease by one half after administration
20. prodrugs drugs that become more active after they are metabo-
lized
21. substrate drug that is metabolized by a CYP enzyme
22. therapeutic drug practice of monitoring plasma levels of drughs that have
monitoring low safety profiles and using the data to predict drugh
action or toxicity
23. therapeutic range dosage that produces the desired effects of a drug
24. toxic concentra- level of drug that results in serious adverse effects
tion
25. agonist drug that activates a receptor and produces the same
type of response as the endogenous substance
26. antagonist agent that blocks the response of another drug
27. the way a patient responds to varying doses of a drug
2/8
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fffmdg
1. Absorption the process by which drug molecules move from their
site of administration to the blood
2. Affinity the ability of some tissues to attract, accumulate and
store drugs in high concentrations relative to other tis-
sues
3. blood-brain barrier Blood vessels (capillaries) that selectively let certain
substances enter the brain tissue and keep other sub-
stances out
4. diffusion process by which molecules tend to move from an area
where they are more concentrated to an area where they
are less concentrated
5. distribution the transport of drugs throughout the body after they are
absorbed
6. drug-protein com- formed when a drugh that binds reversibly to a plasma
plexes protein, particularly albumin, that makes the drug un-
available for distribution to its site of action
7. enterohepatic re- recycling of drugs and other substances by the circula-
circulation tion of bile through the intestine and liver
8. enzyme induction process by whick a drug increases the activity of the
hepatic microsomal enzymes
9. excretion the process of removing substances from the body
10. first-pass effect mechanism whereby drugs are absorbed enter into the
hepatic portal circulation and are inactivated by the liver
before they reach the general circulation
11. fetal-placental bar- special anatomic barrier that inhibits many chemicals
rier and drugs from entering the fetus
12. hepatic microso- as it relates to phamacotherapy, liver enzymes that me-
mal enzyme sys- tabolize drugs as well as nutrients and other endoge-
tem nous substances, sometimes called the P-450 System
1/8
, Nursing Pharmacology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fffmdg
13. isozymes multiple similar forms of an enzyme that perform slightly
different metabolic functions
14. loading dose relatively large dose of a drug given at the beginning of
treatment to rapidly obtain a therapeutic response
15. maintenance dos- amount of drug that keeps the plasma drug concentra-
es tion in the therapeutic range
16. metabolism the process used by the body to chemically change a
drug molecule, also called biotransformation
17. minimum effective amount of drug required to produce a therapeutic effect
concentration
18. pharmacokinetics study of drug movement throughout the body
19. plasma half-life the length of time required for the plasma concentration
of a drug to decrease by one half after administration
20. prodrugs drugs that become more active after they are metabo-
lized
21. substrate drug that is metabolized by a CYP enzyme
22. therapeutic drug practice of monitoring plasma levels of drughs that have
monitoring low safety profiles and using the data to predict drugh
action or toxicity
23. therapeutic range dosage that produces the desired effects of a drug
24. toxic concentra- level of drug that results in serious adverse effects
tion
25. agonist drug that activates a receptor and produces the same
type of response as the endogenous substance
26. antagonist agent that blocks the response of another drug
27. the way a patient responds to varying doses of a drug
2/8
