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This cheat sheet breaks down how substituents shape reactivity using the famous Hammett relation (ρ–σ concept). Perfect for quick exam prep and concept clarity in physical organic chemistry.

This document provides a elaborate notes on convergence in probability along with example sums. It also includes important theorems related to convergence in probability

Algorithm-Definition-examples-Complexity-Divide and Conquer- Binary search -Maximum and Minimum-Merge sort. 1.Algorithm Definition: Algorithm is step-by-step process or sequence of steps for solving a problem. 2. Properties of an Algorithm The properties of an algorithm is given by Input: The algorithm must have input values from a specified set Output: The algorithm must produce the output values from a specified set of input values. The output values are the solution to a prob...

Singly linked list –Operation, Application –representation of a polynomial, polynomial addition, doubly linked list-Operation. 1.What is a Linked List? We utilize a linked list data structure to organize data when we have an unknown amount of data values to work with. A linked list is a linear data structure that consists of a succession of elements each of which is connected to the next member in the sequence. Each element of the Linked List is called a Node. A Linked List i...

STACK A stack is an Abstract Data Type (ADT), commonly used in most programming languages. It is named stack as it behaves like a real-world stack, for example – a deck of cards or a pile of plates, etc. A real-world stack allows operations at one end only. For example, we can place or remove a card or plate from the top of the stack only. Likewise, Stack ADT allows all data operations at one end only. At any given time, we can only access the top element of a stack. This feature ma...

Description: This document serves as a comprehensive reference guide for learning, revising, and mastering Data Structures and Algorithms (DSA). It is designed for computer science students, coding interview candidates, and software developers who want a structured and practical summary of essential DSA concepts. --- Key Features: Covers Core Data Structures Including arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, hash tables, trees, heaps, graphs, tries, and sets—with use cases, operati...

GST (Goods and Services Tax) is a comprehensive, indirect tax levied on the supply of goods and services in many countries, including India. Introduced in India on July 1, 2017, GST replaced multiple indirect taxes like VAT, service tax, and excise duty. It follows a multi-tier structure: CGST (Central GST), SGST (State GST), and IGST (Integrated GST). GST simplifies taxation by creating a unified system, reducing tax evasion, and improving compliance. It applies to businesses exceeding a certai...

GST (Goods and Services Tax) is a comprehensive, indirect tax levied on the supply of goods and services in many countries, including India. Introduced in India on July 1, 2017, GST replaced multiple indirect taxes like VAT, service tax, and excise duty. It follows a multi-tier structure: CGST (Central GST), SGST (State GST), and IGST (Integrated GST). GST simplifies taxation by creating a unified system, reducing tax evasion, and improving compliance. It applies to businesses exceeding a certai...

GST (Goods and Services Tax) is a comprehensive, indirect tax levied on the supply of goods and services in many countries, including India. Introduced in India on July 1, 2017, GST replaced multiple indirect taxes like VAT, service tax, and excise duty. It follows a multi-tier structure: CGST (Central GST), SGST (State GST), and IGST (Integrated GST). GST simplifies taxation by creating a unified system, reducing tax evasion, and improving compliance. It applies to businesses exceeding a certai...