Biol 3301

BIOL 3301 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE (GRADED A+) Features of the genetic code Four mRNA nucleotides combine to form 64 different 3-letter combinations (codons) - Of the 64 codons, 61 sense codons specify amino acids - AUG is always the first codon read in an mRNA translation - UAA, UAG, and UGA are stop codons that do not code for amino acids and stop polypeptide synthesis The genetic code is universal? Essentially the same in all living organisms and viruses The genetic co...

BIOL 3301 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE (GRADED A+) Transcription occurs in three stages: Initiation Elongation Termination These steps involve protein-DNA interactions - Proteins such as RNA polymerase interact with DNA sequences Structural genes and RNA transcripts - Transcribed into mRNA - Constitutes about 90% of all genes Non-structural genes and RNA transcripts Not translated but transcribed - Ribosomes - Spliceosomes - Signal Recognition Particle - Telomerase ...

BIOL 3301 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE (GRADED A+) Transmission Genetics (Mendelian Genetics) Is the study of the transmission of traits in successive generations Evolutionary Genetics Studies the origins of and genetic relationships among organisms, and the evolution of genes and genomes Molecular Genetics Studies inheritance and variation of nucleic acids, proteins, and genomes Genes Are the physical units of heredity Chromosomes Are long molecules of double-stranded DNA ...

BIOL 3301 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE (GRADED A+) siRNA, small interfering RNA Small RNAs that act in genome defense by preventing the spread of viruses and transposable elements. Overview of Transcription -Recognize transcription start site -Unwind DNA -Generate RNA strand (complementary to template strand) -Elongation of new RNA is always 5' to 3' RNA is -transcribed from one of the 2 DNA strands. -"copied" from the template strand and "identical" to t...

BIOL 3301 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE (GRADED A+) DNA is composed of... -Phosphate group at 5' position -Nitrogenous (Adenine, A) -Deoxyribose Sugar -Deoxy= H in position 2' -OH group at 3' position -Deoxyadenosine 5'-monophosphate (dAMP) DNA structure must accommodate the three key properties of DNA 1. Ability to self replicate 2. Ability to encode heritable traits 3. Ability to generate alternate alleles that slightly alter the traits DNA consisted of.. Nu...

BIOL 3301 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE (GRADED A+) Epithelial tissue one or more layers of cells that line the inside or outside of the body, and organ, or part of an organ, purple nuclei Squamous irregular, thin, flat, shingle-like wit a flat nucleus cuboidal round or cube shaped with a round nucleus columnar tall and narrow with oval nucleus near basal surface simple 1 layer of cells stratified 2 or more layers pseudostratified some cells are taller than others giving...

BIOL 3301 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE (GRADED A+) In what three ways might two traits be correlated? 1) genes that determine phenotype 'x' also affect phenotype 'y' 2) linkage (a gene that controls phenotype 'x' is very close along a chromosome (linked) to a gene that controls phenotype 'y', meaning that alleles at both genes tend to get inherited together) 3) chance What are three reasons why the idea of correlation is important? 1) reveals that genes ...

BIOL 3301 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE (GRADED A+) In Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), there is an XX and XO system of sex determination. If you are XX, you are: a hermaphrodite, meaning that you are both male and female and can fertilize yourself. In Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), there is an XX and XO system of sex determination. If you are XO, you are: a male. How does the phrase 'you are what you eat' apply to female honeybees? If female honeybees, which a...

BIOL 3301 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE (GRADED A+) Pea plant flowers are both: male and female. Pea plants have both male and female reproductive parts, which are: the pistil and stamen, respectively. What is cross-fertilization? pollen from one plant fertilizes a flower (oocyte) on a different plant What is self-fertilization? pollen from one plant fertilizes a flower (oocyte) on that same plant (could be the same flower) What is a monohybrid cross? a cross in which both p...

BIOL 3301 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE (GRADED A+) Which of the flowing is not a major argument in the lethal battles regarding the teaching of creationism and intelligent design in the US public schools? Young earth creationism The earth was created by a supernatural being 6024 years ago and the process took six days. The preceding description best fits which type of creationism? False All ethical decisions should be made using well designed scientific experiments that are able...