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reference groups - -involves one or more people used as a basis for comparison or point of reference in forming affective and cognitive responses and performing behaviors. -types of reference group influences - -Informational reference group influence, utilitarian reference group influence, and value-expressive group influence. -informational reference group influence - -transmits useful information to consumers about themselves, other people, or aspects of the physical environment such as...

Exposure - -Occurs when consumers come into contact with information in the environment, some-times through their own intentional behaviors and sometimes by accident. -Attention - -The process by which consumers select information in the environment to interpret. Also, the point at which consumers become conscious or aware of certain stimuli. -Interpretation Processes - -The processes by which consumers make sense of or determine the meanings of important aspects of the physical and social...

strengths of lifestyle branding - -appeal to consumers need for self expression -weaknesses of lifestyle branding - -cross-category competition -who wins at lifestyle branding? - -brands best positioned to represent popular lifestyles -who loses at lifestyle branding? - -lifestyle brands that do not have the resources or commitment to sustain their lifestyle positioning in the face of increasing competition. -personality - -thoughts, emotions, intentions, behavior that are consistent...

Marketing strategies: 5 pillars of digital - -1. listening 2. content 3. engagement 4. integration 5. measurement -Market analysis components - -1. The Consumers 2. The Company 3. The Competitors 4. The Conditions -market segmentation - -a portion of a larger market whose needs differ from the larger market -marketing mix - -product, communications, price, distribution, and service -culture - -the knowledge, beliefs, customs, and values of a group of people -cultural values...

It is important for consumer researchers to understand the nature and power of attitudes. - -An attitude is a predisposition to evaluate an object or product positively or negatively. We form attitudes toward products and services, and these attitudes often determine whether we will purchase or not. Three components make up an attitude: beliefs, affect, and behavioral intentions. Attitude researchers traditionally assumed that we learn attitudes in a fixed sequence: First we form beliefs (cogn...

Consumer Behavior Chapter 13 Questions and Answers Grade A+ 2023

purchase involvement - -the level of concern for, or interest in, the purchase process triggered by the need to consider a particular purchase. its a temporary state. -product involvement - -the personal relevance of a particular product category, can be involved in brand and still have low purchase involvement -nominal decision making - -habitual decision making. Low involvement with products, Brand loyal purchase-commitment to brand, repeat purchase. -Limited decision making - -involv...

Discuss the two levels and the two dimensions of the environment. Provide examples of each. - -2 Levels: 1) Macro: large-scale, environmental factors -economic conditions - politics -landscape 2) Micro: social aspects and immediate surroundings. -people in your family - a particular salesperson - a clean store 2 Dimensions 1) Social Environment: social interactions -two types of social interaction: -direct social interaction: someone talking to a sales-representative about w...

NYT "Penetrating the Mind by Metaphor" - Summary - -Mr. Zaltman considers that focus groups and questionnaires are usually a waste of time, and 60 to 80% of products using these techniques fail. He is the creator of ZMET, the Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique. Mr. Zaltman argues that consumers can't tell you what they think because they don't know. Their most profound thoughts, the ones that account for their behavior in the marketplace, are unconscious. Not only that, he insists, those...

NYT "Penetrating the Mind by Metaphor" - Summary - -Mr. Zaltman considers that focus groups and questionnaires are usually a waste of time, and 60 to 80% of products using these techniques fail. He is the creator of ZMET, the Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique. Mr. Zaltman argues that consumers can't tell you what they think because they don't know. Their most profound thoughts, the ones that account for their behavior in the marketplace, are unconscious. Not only that, he insists, those...