BCH 451

BCH 451 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED GRADED A++ Enzymes Catalyst of biological reactions Catalyst promotes a reaction by increasing the reaction rate but is not changed by the reaction Enzymes are typically a protein Why are enzymes important for biological reactions? 1. They increase the speed of the reaction 2. Permits reactions to occur under physiological conditions. Enzymes and reaction equilibrium Enzymes DO NOT change the reactions equilibrium ...

BCH 451 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE Three major stages of cellular respiration 1. Glycolysis 2. The citric acid cycle 3. Oxidative phosphorylation: electron transport and chemiosmosis. While glycolysis occurs in the cytosol, where does the citric acid cycle occur? Mitochondiral matrix Where does oxidative phosphorylation occur? inner mitochondrial membrane What is the name of the active transporter for pyruvate? Pyruvate translocase Pyru...

BCH 451 EXAM #1 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE VERIFIED ANSWERS 100% GUARANTEED PASS 2024/2025 Six most abundant elements in living organisms Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus & Sulfure Most Mass %: O, C, H, N, P, S # of Atoms %: H, O, C, N, P Five essential ions in all living organisms Calcium, Potassium, Sodium, Magnesium, Chloride Covalent Bonding Atoms sharing outer shell electrons to completely fill each atoms outer shell. Strength: related to difference in atom electronegati...

BCH 451 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED Alpha-helix a type of secondary structure commonly found in proteins which is characterized by 3.6 residues per turn and a phi angle of -57 degrees and a psi angle of -47 degrees for a right-handed helix and a phi angle of 57 degrees and a psi angle of 47 degrees for a left-handed helix. Alanine an amino acid with an aliphatic or methyl side chain functional group. Amino Acid a biomolecule containing an amino group, a ca...

BCH 451 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE catabolism degradative phase of metabolism, releases energy anabolism building phase of metabolism glucose, storage glycogen, starch, sucrose glucose, oxidation via glycolysis pyruvate glucose, oxidation via pentose phosphate pathway ribose 5-phosphate glucose, synthesis of structural polymers extracellular matrix and cell wall polysaccharides electrochemical gradients maintain low Na+ and high K+ i...

BCH 451 TEST III EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE GRADED A++ START LIPIDS Define lipids water insoluble organic molecules that typically consist of a hydrocarbon portion (often a chain) attached to a polar group) Lipids are ____________ and _________ diverse structurall and functionally diverse Name 5 lipid functions: 1) Structural components of biological membranes 2) Barriers (compartmentalize metabolites/pH/metabolic pathways) 3) Energy storag...

BCH 451: EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE where does glycolysis occur cytoplasm where does the citric acid cycle occur mitochondrial matrix, except for succinate dehydrogenase in inner membrane where does oxidative phosphorylation occur mitochondrial inner membrane Conversion of Pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA Decarboxylation #1 Pyruvate translocate actively transports pyruvate into the mitochondria Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate lose CO2, gener...

BCH 451 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE structure of coenzyme A can dissociate from PDC -accept and carry acetal groups Structure of Lipoyllysine -prosthetic group, longer chain so lipoate can anchor to lysine (E2) to serve as a biological tether to sway substrate around -lipoate can serve as an electron (hydrogen) carrier and as a acyl carrier biological tether allow flexibility, swings substrate from one active site and donate it to other sid...

BCH 451 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED Accounts for the temperature dependence of the rate of a reaction. Arrhenius Equation ______ base pairs are less stable than ______ base pairs AT, GC Two chemical modes of catalysis Acid-Base, Covalent group transfer Characteristics of B DNA 2' endo sugar pucker, Bases perpendicular to helical axis, base pairs cross center of helix, longer more narrow helix Characteristics of A DNA 3' endo sugar pucker, bas...

BCH 451 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE GRADED A++ Relevance of H-bonds in the structures of DNA and proteins makes certain structures possible proton hopping the covalent and H-bonds are interchangeable of protons in water . Allows for fast movement of protons. physiological pH. what do the amino acids look like in this pH? 7-7.4. the amino acids are deprotonated buffering capacity the ability of a buffered solution to absorb protons or hydroxid...