BIO 311C

BIO 311C QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED Where does starch naturally occur? Plants (Vegetables and grains mainly) Where does chitin naturally occur? Insects, crustaceans, and cell walls of fungi Where does cellulose naturally occur? Plant cell walls Where does glycogen naturally occur? Animals and micro-organisms What are the four groups of biological molecules? Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids What functional group includes alcohols?

BIO 311C FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED Define monomers, polymers and macromolecules What reactions happen in condensation synthesis and hydrolysis? 1) condensation synthesis: MAKES polymers by releasing water molecules, condensation synthesis is important in anabolic processes (builds complex from simple) 2) hydrolysis BREAKS DOWN polymers into monomers by adding -H to one molecule and -OH to another (uses n-1 water molecules) while hydrolysis is important in catabolic proc...

BIO 311C PHOTOSYNTHESIS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED Write the full, balanced equation for photosynthesis Energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2 Describe how energy is transformed and then transferred during the energy transduction reactions Describe the relative proportions of the primary reactants and products of the energy transduction reactions Explain how light energy relates to wavelength Identify regions of the chloroplast where energy transduction reactions take place Trace...

BIO 311C REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED How many water molecules are required in the anabolic synthesis of a triglyceride? 0; condensation PRODUCES water molecules Which of the following contain the alpha glucose monomer? lactose, sucrose, amylose Correct formula for a polysaccharide 10 units long? C60H102O51 What is the structural feature discovered by Watson, Crick, Franklin, and Wilkinson that provided the mechanism for DNA replication? complimentary pairing of the nitroge...

BIO 311C ICAS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED 1) Which of the following in an anabolic process that is endergonic and endothermic? A) ATP + H 2 O à ADP + Pi B) C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 à 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C) CO 2 + H 2 O à CH 2 O + O 2 D) FADH 2 à FAD + H 2 E) CH 4 + 2O 2 à CO 2 + 2H 2 O C) CO₂ + H₂O → CH₂O + O₂ This is an anabolic process (building complex molecules from simpler ones) that is also endergonic (requires an input of energy) and endothermic (absorbs heat). ...

BIO 311C -metabolism QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED What is meant by the term metabolism? Understand the components involved in a metabolic pathway. What is the advantage of using a multi-step pathway? Metabolism is the totality of the chemical reactions taking place in the body. It is an emergent property. It is a multistep pathway where each step requires a enzyme to catalyze it. These enzymes allow the next step to occur so metabolic supply and demand is maintained- there is...

BIO 311C QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED What are the two laws of inheritance? 1. Law of Segregation- Allele pairs segregate during gamete formation and the paired condition is restored by the random fusion of gametes at fertilization. Example: **Monohybrid Cross-(pPxpp) 3:1 ratio after crossing pure bred pea varieties with either spherical seeds or dented seeds. Found that 3/4th of the F2 progenies had spherical seeds and 1/4th had dented seeds. 2. Law of independent assortment- the ...

BIO 311C QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED ring structures contain what? hydroxyl group what are glycosidic linkages? covalent bonds formed between the two monosaccharides what are oligosaccharides used for? communication what are polysaccharides? sugar polymers (macromolecules) how is structure of polysaccharides determined? type of monomers/locations of bonds glycogen, starch, and cellulose all built from glycogen? true glycogen, starch, and cellulose can all provide energy for...

BIO 311C QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED Briefly explain why DNA replication is an exergonic process. When new nucleotides are added to a growing DNA strand, phosphate bands are broken and energy is released. What is the relationship between operons and transcription units? An operon is made up of a transcription unit and associated regulatory DNA sequences. When in a complex with ________, the CAP protein binds to the promoter of the lacoperon and __________ the expression of the lacope...

BIO 311C QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED Input of glycolysis 1 glucose, 2 ATP, 2 NAD+, 4 adp+4p Output of glycolysis 2 pyruvate, 4 ATP, 2 NADH+, 2 ADP +2P Input of pyruvate oxidation