cardiology

1. what is delta change?: the change in troponin concentration between two as- says performed at a prespecified time interval appart 2. why can troponin be elevated in cases that are not MI?: CHF, sepsis, acute PE, CKD, myocarditis, aortic aneurysms 3. what is creatinine kinase (CK)?: cardiac enzyme known to be released during muscle necrosis (including cardiac muscle cell death) what are the isoenzymes of CK?:

Cardiovascular system Overview Over 40 Questions ________________________________________ SET 1: Cardiovascular System Overview 1. The cardiovascular system consists of the ___, which is a muscular pump, and the ___, which provide pulmonary and systemic circulation. o A) heart, arteries o B) heart, veins o C) heart, capillaries o D) lungs, heart Correct Answer: A) heart, arteries 2. The precordium is: o A) The anterior chest overlying the heart and great vessels o B) Located within th...

Valvular Heart Disease Overview Contents Valvular Heart Disease Overview 1 Valvular Heart Disease Overview 1 Additional Questions on Valvular Heart Disease 3 Aortic Valve Stenosis 6 Valve Replacement and Treatment 8 Heart Valve Function and Dysfunction 9

EKG midterm review 1. meaning of all EKG waves P = atrial depolarization Q = initial negative deflection from ven- tricular depolarization R = huge positive deflection from ven- tricular depolarization S = 2nd negative deflection from ventric- ular depolarization T wave = ventricular repolarization

Valvular Heart Disease | Questions and Answers 3. What are the atrioventricular (AV) valves?: tricuspid (right) mitral/bicuspid (left) 4. What does the pulmonic SL valve separate?: right ventricle and pulmonary trunk 5. What does the aortic SL valve separate?: left ventricle and aorta ’ rest of body 6. What are the semilunar (SL) valves?: pulmonic aortic 7. What can a change in leaflet numbers cause?:

EKG rhythms summaries for exam Preparation 3. P wave duration <0.12s 3 SMALL SQUARES 4. QRS complex narrow (normal) <0.1s (<1/2 large box) broad >0.1s (>1/2 large box) [pic]

Valvular Heart Disease practice que & answ by an increase in both preload and afterload, causing the left ventricle (LV) to undergo eccentric hypertrophy. 2. What happens to sarcomeres in chronic Aortic Regurgitation (AR)?: In chronic AR, sarcomeres are added in series, leading to chamber enlargement that accommodates both the regurgitant volume and forward stroke volume. 3. What can happen over time in chronic Aortic Regurgitation (AR)?: Over time, the compensatory mechanism in chronic AR ma...

EKG Block 2: Supraventricular Arrhythmias, Ventricular Arrhythmias, an Bradyarrhythmias

Valvular heart disease exam elabrations 3. Signs and symptoms of mitral stenosis secondary to rheumatic heart dis- ease include?: 1. Passive backward transmission of the elevated left atrial pressure 2.Arteriolar constriction 3. Organic obliterative changes in the pulmonary vascular bed, RV pressure increase to to right ventricular failure 4. Pts with mitral stenosis, left atrial enlargement and atrial fibrillation are at increased risk for the development of?:

Cardiovascular Diagnoses Summaries 1. chest x-ray: used to track changes in chronic conditions and to verify that any supplemental surgical components placed in heart are in the right place - can see size/position/gross structure of heart - not as beneficial for acute diagnoses 2. echocardiogram: preferred imaging to diagnose and track congestive heart fail- ure - shows speed and volume of movement and changes in heart shape over contractile phases 3. CT/CT angiogram: angiogram shows chang...