PHSC 210

PHSC 210 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST EDITION GRADED A+ Abraham Ortelius Flemish cartographer first to think the continents divided b/c S America and Africa Antonio Snider-Pelligrini geographer who argued for unified continents but was ignored because he was a creationist Alfred Wegener German scientist who attempted to prove the continents moved continental drift what Wegner called the continents moving Laurentia and Gondwana Pangaea split into northern and southern portions Weg...

PHSC 210 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST EDITION GRADED A+ The 1906 San Francisco earthquake was 8.25 on the Richter scale. The Owens Valley earthquake of 1872 was Smaller than the San Francisco earthquake. Dr. Austin's estimation of the elevation change from Mt. Whitney to Death Valley was incorrect. The correct amount is Approximately 15,000 feet Which of the following is true of oceanic crust? It makes up 71% of the earth's crust. The chance that you might experience a natural dis...

PHSC 210 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST EDITION GRADED A+ Laurentia and Gondwana According to Wegener, Pangaea split first into these two portions, which later split to form today's continents. Abraham Ortelius First to make an atlas and notice African coastline fit with S. American coastline Antonio Snider-Pellegrini 1. Published book in 1858 arguing for moving continents 2. Believed Noah's flood responsible for part of the movement 3. His book was ignored because of 1859 Origin o...

PHSC 210 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST EDITION GRADED A+ Rock collection of 1 or more minerals Attributes of a mineral (5) 1. inorganic 2. naturally occurring 3. solid 4. crystalline 5. chemical formula Element material w/ characteristics of physical and chemical properties that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions Compounds formed by sharing valence electrons between atoms Ion atom w/ more or less electrons than protons anion NEGATIVE charge ca...

PHSC 210 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST EDITION GRADED A+ What is limestone made out of? Calcite -- CACO3 Chemical Weathering Formula H20+CO2 <--> H2CO3 Mechanical Weathering Examples Water (frost wedging(vertical), frost heaving(pushes up) Thermal Expansion Root Wedging Groundwater Sapping Water Abrasion Cavitation Erosion transportation of broken material Weathering the breaking of material Factors of Mass Wasting lack of Vegetation relief seismic activity water type...

PHSC 210 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST EDITION GRADED A+ rocks aggregates of one of more minerals three categories of rock igneous sedimentary metamorphic Igneous crystallize from liquid rock (granite) Sedimentary consist of small particles or pieces of other rock, like the particles of sand that make up sandstone Metamorphic rocks that become changed by heat or pressure Weathering Metamorphism Recrystallization how rocks change from type to type Rock cycle schematic drawing t...

PHSC 210 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST EDITION GRADED A+ Antonio Snider Pellegrini The man to create the explanations of why the continents look like they can fit together In 1985 he published a book that describes rapid catastrophic split of continents during Noah's Flood Alfred Wegener The man that proposed the idea that we call "continental drift" Continental drift A slow/gradual break up of a single super continent called Pangaea Wegener's 6 Lines of Evidence 1) Fit of ...

PHSC 210 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST EDITION GRADED A+ Compressional stress -------> <-------- Tensional stress <------- -------> Shear stress ---------> <-------- What do stresses cause rocks to do? Deform = bend or break rocks Fault Break within rocks Fold Bend in rocks Types of folds and where can you find them? -Syncline and anticline -ridges and long mountains Syncline U shape Anticline sad face shape 3 kinds of rock faults 1) dip slip faults 2) s...

PHSC 210 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST EDITION GRADED A+ Olivine Group (Cleavage, Silicate Structure, Example) No cleavage, single tetrahedra, Olivine Pyroxene Group (Cleavage, Silicate Structure, Example) Two planes at 90 degree angle, single chains, Augite Amphibole Group (Cleavage, Silicate Structure, Example) Two planes at 60 and 120 degrees, double chains, hornblende Micas (Cleavage, Silicate Structure, 2 Examples) One plane, sheets, Biotite and Muscovite Feldspars (Cleavage, Sili...

PHSC 210 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST EDITION GRADED A+ Weathering physical and/or chemical breakdown of a rock in place the process by which larger rocks get broken down into smaller pieces the disintegration and decomposition of rock Erosion the removal of weathered material Soils a mixture of mineral and organic matter Loam a well-balanced soil (roughly equal sand/silt, organics, clay) Rain most important for soil-making moderate rainfall (30-50 in/yr) helps foster deep soil ...