BNKN602

BNKN602 - RENAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED When does renal failure occur? when kidneys are unable to remove waste + perform regulatory functions therefore waste builds up What is eGFR used to diagnose? Chronic Kidney Disease What is a normal eGFR? > 90L/min/1.73m2 What is the most common reason

BNKN602 - NURSING THE PERSON WITH COPD EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS What are the two main characteristics of COPD emphysema and chronic bronchitis What is emphysema loss of elasticity allows alveolu to expand with inspiration but reduces its ability to recoil with exiration. this results in co2 being trapped and increases alveolar pco2 What results due to an increased PCO2 co2 cannot diffuse readily from pulmonary capillaries causing a build up of co2 in arterial bl...

BNKN602 CARDIAC/RENAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED Ventricular Tachycardia Absence of P waves. QRS complex is wide and fast Ventricular Fibrillation rapid disorganised contraction of the ventricles Two key points in relation to identifying Atrial Fibrillation •Atrial Fibrillation (AF) - completely disorganised atrial electrical activity •Impulses arise from the SA node and other sites in the atria •Conduction through the AV node is irregular and usu...

BNKN602 CARDIOVASCULAR AND RENAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ Mechanisms the heart uses to compensate for reduced blood flow increase HR to pump blood faster, ventricles stretch to increase blood flow, fluid retention by increasing BP Functions of the kidneys regulate BP, remove waste/toxic products, fluid/electrolyte balance, pH balance, fluid balance, erythropoietin, synthesise vit D Acute kidney injury when the kidneys suddenly fail to remove the bodys...

BNKN602 - PERIOPERATIVE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED DEFINE: Emergent surgery surgery without delay DEFINE: Urgent surgery surgery within 24hrs DEFINE: Elective surgery personal preference DEFINE: Required surgery surgery needed within weeks/months DEFINE: Optional surgery can wait - no surgery no catastrophe DEFINE: Anastomosis two organs or spaces surgically joined together DEFINE: Fistula passage containing abscess or cavity to body surface DEFI...

BNKN602 - RESPIRATORY EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS LIST: four alterations in respiratory functioning - ventilation/perfusion mismatch - hypoventilation - hyperventilation - hypoxia What is the goal of ventilation? produce a normal carbon dioxide and oxygen level What is the normal range for PaCO2? 35-45 mmHg What is the normal range for O2? 95-100 mmHg DEFINE: alveolar hyperventilation excess ventilation, causing decreased CO2 in blood AETIOLOGY: alveolar hy...

BNKN602 PERIOPERATIVE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ Atelectasis partial or complete collapse of lobe of lung or entire lung. Caused by increased mucous, post op anaesthetic, foreign body. Atelectasis pathophysiology reduced ventilation → obstruction of airflow in alveoli → trapped air is absorbed by bloodstream → air prevented from entering alveoli → lungs become airless and collapse Atelectasis signs and symptoms coughing, SOB, central cyanosis, w...

BNKN602 NEUROLOGICAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ Traumatic brain injury brain suffers trauma to neural tissue causing either damage to brain at site of impact (coup) or damage to opposite side of impact (centrecoup). secondary damage may cause swelling, bleeding or inflammation, this decreases blood flow and increases ICP. This can lead to ischaemia/hypoxia, neuron death and interrupt normal brain function Traumatic brain injury signs and symptoms cognitiv...

BNKN602 RESP EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ Interventions for PE Administer prescribed anticoagulant/thrombolytics position upright to help with air intake administer analgesics as prescribed to help with pain administer oxygen therapy to help reduce hypoxia reassurance to help reduce SNS- education helps with this to help them know what is happening (plan/interventions)- family involvement What is the underlying pathophysiology for COPD Both Chronic bron...

BNKN602 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) A heart attack that providers can detect with blood tests but not with an EKG. The coronary arteries aren't fully blocked or were blocked for a short amount of time ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) A severe heart attack that providers can detect with blood tests and EKG. It occurs when blood flow to your heart is fully blocked for a long time, aff...